THE DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF EXPERIMENTS. By Oscar Kempthorne. New York, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1952. 631 pp. $8.50. This book by a teacher of statistics (as well as a consultant for \"experimenters\") is a comprehensive study of the philosophical background for the statistical design of experiment. It is necessary to have some facility with algebraic notation and manipulation to be able to use the volume intelligently. The problems are presented from the theoretical point of view, without such practical examples as would be helpful for those not acquainted with mathematics. The mathematical justification for the techniques is given. As a somewhat advanced treatment of the design and analysis of experiments, this volume will be interesting and helpful for many who approach statistics theoretically as well as practically. With emphasis on the \"why,\" and with description given broadly, the author relates the subject matter to the general theory of statistics and to the general problem of experimental inference. MARGARET J. ROBERTSON

The Design and Analysis of Experiments

This book, written by two major figures in adaptive control, provides a wealth of material for researchers, practitioners, and students. While some researchers in adaptive control may note the absence of a particular topic, the book‘s scope represents a high-gain instrument. It can be used by designers of control systems to enhance their work through the information on many new theoretical developments, and can be used by mathematical control theory specialists to adapt their research to practical needs. The book is strongly recommended to anyone interested in adaptive control.

Adaptive Control

Microgrids are now emerging from lab benches and pilot demonstration sites into commercial markets, driven by technological improvements, falling costs, a proven track record, and growing recognition of their benefits. They are being used to improve reliability and resilience of electrical grids, to manage the addition of distributed clean energy resources like wind and solar photovoltaic (PV) generation to reduce fossil fuel emissions, and to provide electricity in areas not served by centralized electrical infrastructure. This review article (1) explains what a microgrid is, and (2) provides a multi-disciplinary portrait of today's microgrid drivers, real-world applications, challenges, and future prospects.

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Microgrids: A review of technologies, key drivers, and outstanding issues

The limitation of hot spot cooling in microchips represents an important hurdle for the electronics industry to overcome with coolers yet to exceed the efficiencies required. Nanotechnology-enabled heat sinks that can be magnetophoretically formed onto the hot spots within a microfluidic environment are presented. CrO2 nanoparticles, which are dynamically chained and docked onto the hot spots, establish tuneable high-aspect-ratio nanofins for the heat exchange between these hot spots and the liquid coolant. These nanofins can also be grown and released on demand, absorbing and releasing the heat from the hot spots into the microfluidic system. It is shown that both high aspect ratio and flexibility of the fins have a dramatic effect on increasing the heat sinking efficiency. The system has the potential to offer a practical cooling solution for future electronics.

Dynamic nanofin heat sinks

This paper presents a comprehensive review and assessment of the latest research and advancement of electric vehicles (EVs) interaction with smart grid portraying the future electric power system model. The concept goal of the smart grid along with the future deployment of the EVs puts forward various challenges in terms of electric grid infrastructure, communication and control. Following an intensive review on advanced smart metering and communication infrastructures, the strategy for integrating the EVs into the electric grid is presented. Various EV smart charging technologies are also extensively examined with the perspective of their potential, impacts and limitations under the vehicle-to-grid (V2G) phenomenon. Moreover, the high penetration of renewable energy sources (wind and photovoltaic solar) is soaring up into the power system. However, their intermittent power output poses different challenges on the planning, operation and control of the power system networks. On the other hand, the deployment of EVs in the energy market can compensate for the fluctuations of the electric grid. In this context, a literature review on the integration of the renewable energy and the latest feasible solution using EVs with the insight of the promising research gap to be covered up are investigated. Furthermore, the feasibility of the smart V2G system is thoroughly discussed. In this paper, the EVs interactions with the smart grid as the future energy system model are extensively discussed and research gap is revealed for the possible solutions.

Electric vehicles and smart grid interaction: A review on vehicle to grid and renewable energy sources integration

This paper presents the latest comprehensive literature review of AC and DC microgrid (MG) systems in connection with distributed generation (DG) units using renewable energy sources (RESs), energy storage systems (ESS) and loads. A survey on the alternative DG units' configurations in the low voltage AC (LVAC) and DC (LVDC) distribution networks with several applications of microgrid systems in the viewpoint of the current and the future consumer equipments energy market is extensively discussed. Based on the economical, technical and environmental benefits of the renewable energy related DG units, a thorough comparison between the two types of microgrid systems is provided. The paper also investigates the feasibility, control and energy management strategies of the two microgrid systems relying on the most current research works. Finally, the generalized relay tripping currents are derived and the protection strategies in microgrid systems are addressed in detail. From this literature survey, it can be revealed that the AC and DC microgrid systems with multiconverter devices are intrinsically potential for the future energy systems to achieve reliability, efficiency and quality power supply.

AC-microgrids versus DC-microgrids with distributed energy resources: A review

This paper reviews and summarizes Maglev train technologies from an electrical engineering point of view and assimilates the results of works over the past three decades carried out all over the world. Many researches and developments concerning the Maglev train have been accomplished; however, they are not always easy to understand. The purpose of this paper is to make the Maglev train technologies clear at a glance. Included are general understandings, technologies, and worldwide practical projects. Further research needs are also addressed.

Review of maglev train technologies

This paper presents a study on shape design of permanent magnets that is focused on robustness for cogging torque, sinusoidal back emf, and partial demagnetization of the permanent magnet of the outer rotor permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). The simulation method for partial demagnetization is proposed and performed with four kinds of permanent magnet shape models at the fault current and two kinds of load angles corresponding to maximum torque operation and short circuit operation by finite-element method (FEM). The robust shape model of permanent magnets for large-sized hybrid electric vehicles is presented. The characteristics after partial demagnetization are analyzed and compared with experimental results for verification of the partial demagnetization effect

The Shape Design of Permanent Magnet for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Considering Partial Demagnetization

This paper shows a study on the demagnetization performance analysis of permanent magnet according to three kinds of rotor types of an interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM). It is very important to consider demagnetization performance as well as motor performance such as rated torque, output current, and efficiency when designing IPMSM. Three kinds of rotor types according to permanent magnet arrangement; single layer type, v shape type, and double layer type are generally used for IPMSM. In the paper, the magnetic equivalent circuits according to each rotor type are proposed in order for initial design of thickness of permanent magnets considering demagnetization by lumped constant related to magnetic circuit. The volume of permanent magnets per pole and back EMF of each rotor type is assumed to equal for the comparison of demagnetization of IPMSMs with same performance each other. Next, distribution of demagnetization in the permanent magnet is analyzed by using finite element method (FEM) for the verification of the results by magnetic equivalent circuit.

Demagnetization Analysis of Permanent Magnets According to Rotor Types of Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor

This paper presents a method on a multiobjective optimal design of interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) with V-shaped permanent magnet rotor for high performance. In general, a design method adopting equivalent magnetic circuit is used for basic design of IPMSM. However, its use may give us wrong design result because of air-gap flux calculation method by using lumped reluctance parameters. Moreover, it has difficulty in considering arrangement of permanent magnets and barriers, but on the other hand, there exists high degree of freedom of permanent magnet rotor design of IPMSM. Therefore, finite element method (FEM) is needed for the precise design considering arrangement of permanent magnets and barriers. In order for effective V-shaped permanent magnet rotor design, Taguchi method by adopting five multiobjective functions is proposed as an optimal design method. The different optimal design results are suggested by adjusting weighting value of each objective function. Finally, the characteristics of optimal design model with V-shaped permanent magnet rotor are verified by experiment.

Ju Lee

Papers

AC-microgrids versus DC-microgrids with distributed energy resources: A review

Review of maglev train technologies

The Shape Design of Permanent Magnet for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Considering Partial Demagnetization

Demagnetization Analysis of Permanent Magnets According to Rotor Types of Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor

Multiobjective Optimal Design for Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor