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Using Multivariate Statistics

Evaluating Model Fit

New Patterns of Management.

In this article, several applications of nanomaterials in food packaging and food safety are reviewed, including: polymer/clay nanocomposites as high barrier packaging materials, silver nanoparticles as potent antimicrobial agents, and nanosensors and nanomaterial-based assays for the detection of food-relevant analytes (gasses, small organic molecules and food-borne pathogens). In addition to covering the technical aspects of these topics, the current commercial status and understanding of health implications of these technologies are also discussed. These applications were chosen because they do not involve direct addition of nanoparticles to consumed foods, and thus are more likely to be marketed to the public in the short term.

Applications of nanotechnology in food packaging and food safety: Barrier materials, antimicrobials and sensors

To document the marketing and distribution of nano-enabled products into the commercial marketplace, the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars and the Project on Emerging Nanotechnologies created the Nanotechnology Consumer Products Inventory (CPI) in 2005. The objective of this present work is to redevelop the CPI by leading a research effort to increase the usefulness and reliability of this inventory. We created eight new descriptors for consumer products, including information pertaining to the nanomaterials contained in each product. The project was motivated by the recognition that a diverse group of stakeholders from academia, industry, and state/federal government had become highly dependent on the inventory as an important resource and bellweather of the pervasiveness of nanotechnology in society. We interviewed 68 nanotechnology experts to assess key information needs. Their answers guided inventory modifications by providing a clear conceptual framework best suited for user expectations. The revised inventory was released in October 2013. It currently lists 1814 consumer products from 622 companies in 32 countries. The Health and Fitness category contains the most products (762, or 42% of the total). Silver is the most frequently used nanomaterial (435 products, or 24%); however, 49% of the products (889) included in the CPI do not provide the composition of the nanomaterial used in them. About 29% of the CPI (528 products) contain nanomaterials suspended in a variety of liquid media and dermal contact is the most likely exposure scenario from their use. The majority (1288 products, or 71%) of the products do not present enough supporting information to corroborate the claim that nanomaterials are used. The modified CPI has enabled crowdsourcing capabilities, which allow users to suggest edits to any entry and permits researchers to upload new findings ranging from human and environmental exposure data to complete life cycle assessments. There are inherent limitations to this type of database, but these modifications to the inventory addressed the majority of criticisms raised in published literature and in surveys of nanotechnology stakeholders and experts. The development of standardized methods and metrics for nanomaterial characterization and labelling in consumer products can lead to greater understanding between the key stakeholders in nanotechnology, especially consumers, researchers, regulators, and industry.

/pdf/nanotechnology-in-the-real-world-redeveloping-the-14czjwkuu7.pdf

Nanotechnology in the real world: Redeveloping the nanomaterial consumer products inventory.

In 2 studies that draw from the social role theory of sex differences (A. H. Eagly, W. Wood, & A. B. Diekman, 2000), the authors investigated differences in agentic and communal characteristics in letters of recommendation for men and women for academic positions and whether such differences influenced selection decisions in academia. The results supported the hypotheses, indicating (a) that women were described as more communal and less agentic than men (Study 1) and (b) that communal characteristics have a negative relationship with hiring decisions in academia that are based on letters of recommendation (Study 2). Such results are particularly important because letters of recommendation continue to be heavily weighted and commonly used selection tools (R. D. Arvey & T. E. Campion, 1982; R. M. Guion, 1998), particularly in academia (E. P. Sheehan, T. M. McDevitt, & H. C. Ross, 1998).

/pdf/gender-and-letters-of-recommendation-for-academia-agentic-4zqaaikael.pdf

Gender and letters of recommendation for academia: agentic and communal differences

How do the risks and benefits of nanotechnology, as viewed by the public, compare with those associated with other technologies such as genetically modified organisms, stem cells, biotechnology and nuclear power? And when deciding to use a specific nanotechnology product, will consumers consider the risks, the benefits, or both? We report the first large-scale empirical analyses of these questions.

What Drives Public Acceptance of Nanotechnology

While existing literature on leadership articulates the importance of leader emotion, there has been little attention to the potential roles of more specific emotions. Emotions such as anger and sadness have been linked to leaders in times of crisis. The current paper examined the effect of leader emotion on evaluations of leadership in the context of a failed product. In particular, we examined how the expression of anger and sadness influences the evaluation of leaders. Results revealed that a leader expressing sadness was evaluated more favorably than a leader expressing anger. We found that participants' emotion mediated the relationship between leaders' emotion and the evaluation of leaders. Furthermore, accepting responsibility for the crisis led to more favorable evaluations than not accepting responsibility.

The effects of leader negative emotions on evaluations of leadership in a crisis situation: The role of anger and sadness.

New York UniversityBertrand & Mullainathan (2002) found evidence that race-typed names can have asignificant influence on the evaluation of re´sume´s. The current study expanded ontheir research by manipulating both the race (Asian American, Black, Hispanic,White) and quality of the re´sume´ (high, low), and by considering occupationalstereotypes as an explanatory mechanism. White male participants (N5155) read afictitious re´sume´, evaluated the applicant, and judged his suitability for jobs. Theresults revealed that Asian American individuals were evaluated highly for high-status jobs, regardless of their re´sume´quality. White and Hispanic applicants bothbenefited from a high-quality re´sume´, but Black applicants were evaluated nega-tively, even with strong credentials. Results of mediation analyses demonstratedthat occupational stereotypes accounted for the relationship between race andevaluations of applicants.

What's in a Name? A Multiracial Investigation of the Role of Occupational Stereotypes in Selection Decisions

http://msys555.weebly.com/uploads/1/1/9/4/11941107/using_social_networking_websites_as_a_selection_tool_the_role_of_selection_process_fairness_and_job_pursuit_intentions.pdf

Juan M. Madera

Papers

Gender and letters of recommendation for academia: agentic and communal differences

What Drives Public Acceptance of Nanotechnology

The effects of leader negative emotions on evaluations of leadership in a crisis situation: The role of anger and sadness.

What's in a Name? A Multiracial Investigation of the Role of Occupational Stereotypes in Selection Decisions

Using social networking websites as a selection tool: The role of selection process fairness and job pursuit intentions