Katie A. Fawcett

TL;DR: The human–chimpanzee split is dated to at least 7–8 million years and the population split between Neanderthals and modern humans to 400,000–800,000 y ago, which suggests that molecular divergence dates may not be in conflict with the attribution of 6- to 7-million-y-old fossils to the human lineage and 400,,000-Y-old bones to the Neanderthal lineage.

TL;DR: The results suggest that conventional conservation efforts prevented a severe decline of the overall population, but additional extreme measures were needed to achieve positive growth and argue for wider consideration of extreme measures.

TL;DR: The 2010 census of the mountain gorilla population of the Virunga Massif was the first to utilize genetic analyses of fecal samples for the entire population, and the results showed that it is possible for conservation efforts to succeed even under difficult conditions, while highlighting the continuing challenges of managing a wild population of both habituated and unhabituated gorillas as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: The authors' observations strongly support the view that a lethal gang attack occurred against a young adult male within a wild chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) community, and the lethal attack is interpreted as an act of intra‐community male sexual competition resulting in the complete exclusion of one male from estrous females.

TL;DR: This study indicates that even in species that inhabit an area with a seemingly steady food supply, ecological variability can have pronounced effects on female energy balance, andUrinary C-peptide has emerged as a valuable non-invasive biomarker of energy balance in primates.