Kenneth R Carlson

TL;DR: Human organ-on-a-chip (Organ Chip) microfluidic culture devices lined by a highly differentiated, primary, human lung airway epithelium cultured under an air-liquid interface and fed by continuous medium flow can be used to model virus entry, replication, strain-dependent virulence, host cytokine production, and recruitment of circulating immune cells in response to infection by influenza.

TL;DR: It is concluded that HF causes an amino acid imbalance that uniquely activates both GCN2 and mTORC1, triggering proteostasis collapse and cell death in mice treated with HF.

TL;DR: In this article, the Toxoplasma eIF2 kinase TgIF2K-B is activated in response to oxidative stress and affords protection, which is important for the parasite's ability to establish persistent infection in its host.

TL;DR: The robustness of the assembly reaction and the protruding PEG tails, potentially useful in modulating the immune response, make the systems introduced here a promising platform for biomedical applications.

TL;DR: It is established that TgIF2K-B is essential for the parasite’s oxidative stress response and its ability to persist in the host as a latent infection and is critical for maintaining oxidative balance in the parasite.