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Principles Of Fluorescence Spectroscopy

Nanomaterials-based photothermal therapy and its potentials in antibacterial treatment.

Recent advances in nano-carrier immobilized enzymes and their applications

Infections caused by multidrug resistant bacteria are still a serious threat to human health. It is of great significance to explore effective alternative antibacterial strategies. Herein, carbon-iron oxide nanohybrids with rough surfaces (RCF) are developed for NIR-II light-responsive synergistic antibacterial therapy. RCF with excellent photothermal property and peroxidase-like activity could realize synergistic photothermal therapy (PTT)/chemodynamic therapy (CDT) in the NIR-II biowindow with improved penetration depth and low power density. More importantly, RCF with rough surfaces shows increased bacterial adhesion, thereby benefiting both CDT and PTT through effective interaction between RCF and bacteria. In vitro antibacterial experiments demonstrate a broad-spectrum synergistic antibacterial effect of RCF against Gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli), Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). In addition, satisfactory biocompatibility makes RCF a promising antibacterial agent. Notably, the synergistic antibacterial performances in vivo could be achieved employing the rat wound model with MRSA infection. The current study proposes a facile strategy to construct antibacterial agents for practical antibacterial applications by the rational design of both composition and morphology. RCF with low power density NIR-II light responsive synergistic activity holds great potential in the effective treatment of drug-resistant bacterial infections.

Rough Carbon-Iron Oxide Nanohybrids for Near-Infrared-II Light-Responsive Synergistic Antibacterial Therapy.

Pathogen infections and cancer are two major human health problems. Herein, we report the synthesis of an organic salt photosensitizer (PS), called 4TPA-BQ, by a one-step reaction. 4TPA-BQ presents aggregation-induced emission features. Owing to the aggregation-induced reactive oxygen species generated and a sufficiently small ΔEST , 4TPA-BQ shows a satisfactorily high 1 O2 generation efficiency of 97.8 %. In vitro and in vivo experiments confirmed that 4TPA-BQ exhibited potent photodynamic antibacterial performance against ampicillin-resistant Escherichia coli with good biocompatibility in a short time (15 minutes). When the incubation duration persisted long enough (12 hours), cancer cells were ablated efficiently, leaving normal cells essentially unaffected. This is the first reported time-dependent fluorescence-guided photodynamic therapy in one individual PS, which achieves ordered and multiple targeting simply by varying the external conditions. 4TPA-BQ reveals new design principles for the implementation of efficient PSs in clinical applications.

Time‐Dependent Photodynamic Therapy for Multiple Targets: A Highly Efficient AIE‐Active Photosensitizer for Selective Bacterial Elimination and Cancer Cell Ablation

Photothermal conversion efficiency (η) of gold nanorods (GNRs) can be tuned by enlarging the aspect ratio and forming the core–shell structure. Herein, an easy synthesis method is developed to construct the core–shell GNR@LDH nanostructure with GNRs and layered double hydroxides (LDHs). The interaction between Au and LDHs results some electron deficiency on the surface of Au and the more electrons induce more thermal energy conversion. The η value of GNR@LDH can reach up to 60% under the 808 nm laser irradiation, which is a significant enhanced conversion efficiency compared with the reported GNR-based photothermal therapy materials. CTAB (cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide) can be replaced totally during the synthesis process, and GNRs maintain a good dispersion in LDHs. This core–shell composite GNR@LDH can be applied in photothermal, antibacterial, tumor therapy and biological imaging with low dosage and nontoxicity.

Core-Shell Gold Nanorod@Layered Double Hydroxide Nanomaterial with Highly Efficient Photothermal Conversion and Its Application in Antibacterial and Tumor Therapy.

In recent years, the sensor array has attracted much attention in the field of complex system analysis on the basis of its good selectivity and easy operation. Many optical colorimetric sensor arrays are designed to analyze multi-target analytes due to the good sensitivity of optical signal. In this review, we introduce the targeting analytes, sensing mechanisms and data processing methods of the optical colorimetric sensor array based on optical probes (including organic molecular probes, polymer materials and nanomaterials). The research progress in the detection of metal ions, anions, toxic gases, organic compounds, biomolecules and living organisms (such as DNA, amino acids, proteins, microbes and cells) and actual sample mixtures are summarized here. The review illustrates the types, application advantages and development prospects of the optical colorimetric sensor array to help broad readers to understand the research progress in the application of chemical sensor array.

Optical colorimetric sensor arrays for chemical and biological analysis

Flower-like Surface of Three-Metal-Component Layered Double Hydroxide Composites for Improved Antibacterial Activity of Lysozyme

Semiconducting polymer nanoparticles (SPNs) have potential in biological applications. While some SPNs have significant photothermal conversion efficiencies (PCEs) as photothermal and photoacoustic agents, other SPNs offer high fluorescence yields as photoluminescent agents. However, the energy balance distribution in SPNs inhibits their successful applications in photoluminescence/photoacoustic (PL/PA) dual-modality imaging. Additionally, the ultrastability of SPNs in vivo may cause damage to organisms. This work reports nanocomposite semiconducting polymer and tetraphenylethene nanoparticles (STNPs) constructed by semiconducting polymers (SPs) and tetraphenylethene aggregation-induced emission luminogens (TPE AIEgens). The SP SPC10 endows good photothermal conversion ability, and the AIEgen TPBM supports enhanced photoluminescence of the STNPs. The results show that the STNPs can act as PL/PA dual-modality imaging agents. The signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio in the PL modality reaches 8.7, and the imaging depth in the PA modality is 5.8 mm. The SPC10 in the STNPs can be decomposed under 90 mW cm(-2) white light irradiation in 6 h without any other additional agents. Furthermore, the STNPs are sufficient for the treatment of xenograft 4T1 tumor-bearing mice based on photothermal therapy. The nanocomposite STNPs achieve optimized dual-modality PL/PA imaging and the AIEgen-triggered in situ photodegradation of SPNs. These properties indicate the significant potential of STNPs in clinical diagnosis and noninvasive therapy.

Semiconducting Nanocomposite with AIEgen-Triggered Enhanced Photoluminescence and Photodegradation for Dual-Modality Tumor Imaging and Therapy

With the increasing threat of bacterial infection to human health, the development of different antimicrobial agents is essential. Therefore, based on the photothermal conversion properties of gold...

Kun Ma

Papers

Core-Shell Gold Nanorod@Layered Double Hydroxide Nanomaterial with Highly Efficient Photothermal Conversion and Its Application in Antibacterial and Tumor Therapy.

Optical colorimetric sensor arrays for chemical and biological analysis

Flower-like Surface of Three-Metal-Component Layered Double Hydroxide Composites for Improved Antibacterial Activity of Lysozyme

Semiconducting Nanocomposite with AIEgen-Triggered Enhanced Photoluminescence and Photodegradation for Dual-Modality Tumor Imaging and Therapy

Synergistic Chemo-Photothermal Antibacterial Effects of Polyelectrolyte-Functionalized Gold Nanomaterials