Showing papers by "Lee Edwards published in 2020"
TL;DR: A pharmaceutical industry viewpoint on how the fundamental laws of photochemistry are used to identify the parameters required to implement photochemistry from lab to scale is presented.
Abstract: A pharmaceutical industry viewpoint on how the fundamental laws of photochemistry are used to identify the parameters required to implement photochemistry from lab to scale. Parameters such as photon stoichiometry and light intensity are highlighted within to inform future publications.
97 citations
TL;DR: This strategy, which uses an organic photocatalyst in combination with azide ion as a hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) catalyst, provides a direct synthesis of α‐tertiary amines, or their corresponding γ‐lactams, and is expected to inspire new retrosynthetic disconnections for substituted amine derivatives in organic synthesis.
Abstract: A practical, catalytic entry to α,α,α-trisubstituted (α-tertiary) primary amines by C-H functionalisation has long been recognised as a critical gap in the synthetic toolbox. We report a simple and scalable solution to this problem that does not require any in situ protection of the amino group and proceeds with 100 % atom-economy. Our strategy, which uses an organic photocatalyst in combination with azide ion as a hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) catalyst, provides a direct synthesis of α-tertiary amines, or their corresponding γ-lactams. We anticipate that this methodology will inspire new retrosynthetic disconnections for substituted amine derivatives in organic synthesis, and particularly for challenging α-tertiary primary amines.
68 citations
01 Jan 2020
TL;DR: A versatile photoreactor for high‐throughput screening, preparative‐scale batch reactions and continuous processing, all with a single light source, utilizes interchangeable arrays of pseudo‐monochromatic high‐power LEDs in a range of synthetically useful wavelengths, combined with excellent temperature control.
Abstract: Having identified inconsistencies when repeating literature examples of photochemical transformations and difficulties recreating experimental setups, we devised several criteria that an ideal labscale reactor should achieve. Herein, we introduce a versatile photoreactor for high throughput screening, preparative scale batch reactions and continuous processing, all with a single light source. The reactor utilizes interchangeable arrays of pseudo-monochromatic high-power LEDs in a range of synthetically useful wavelengths, combined with excellent temperature control. Moreover, light intensity can be modulated in an accurate and straightforward manner. This system has subsequently been tested on a range of literature methodologies.
49 citations
TL;DR: In this article, focused beam reflectance measurement (FBRM) was used to assess the mechanical performance of nine sponge nickel catalysts for the reduction of an aliphatic nitro group in a trickle bed reactor.
16 citations
TL;DR: The authors explore the relationship between transparency and publicity and consider how the links between the two ideas might be reconceptualized to make better sense of their empirical re-constantity.
Abstract: In this article, I explore the relationship between transparency and publicity, and consider how the links between the two ideas might be reconceptualized to make better sense of their empirical re...
15 citations
TL;DR: GSK has been developing the capability to perform continuous hydrogenations within trickle bed reactors over the past several years as discussed by the authors, and the motivation to develop this technology stems from the ability of GSK's ability of
12 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present the results of participatory research that explored the tensions inherent in social media use by one UK feminist organisation, Rape Crisis England & Wales (RCEW), and challenge the utopian view of social media as a panacea for news media shortcomings.
Abstract: Media coverage of violence against women and girls (VAWG) has increased in recent years, due to high-profile investigations such as the 2012 Jimmy Savile case in the UK, and in response to the #MeToo movement in the USA. Feminist organisations are likely to be asked for comment by the media as a result, but journalistic interest in case details rather than systemic causes of VAWG means that political messages focused on ending VAWG remain difficult to communicate. In contrast, social media is frequently celebrated as a channel through which the politics of feminist organisations can be promoted more directly, bypassing mainstream media agendas. In this article, we present the results of participatory research that explored the tensions inherent in social media use by one UK feminist organisation, Rape Crisis England & Wales (RCEW). The findings challenge the utopian view of social media as a panacea for news media shortcomings. Rather than being unequivocally positive, integrating social media into a feminist organisation’s communication work is a double-edged sword, bringing significant challenges that users must negotiate on a daily basis.
9 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that copyright law has a significant impact on public access to and use of creative works and can lead to the imposition of sanctions for infringements, and that decisions about copyright law should therefore be made accordingly.
Abstract: Copyright law has a significant impact on public access to and use of creative works and can lead to the imposition of sanctions for infringements. Decisions about copyright law should therefore be...
5 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an organic photocatalyst in combination with azide ion as a hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) catalyst is used to synthesize C-alkylated amines or γ-lactams.
Abstract: A practical, catalytic entry
to α,α,α‑trisubstituted (α‑tertiary) primary amines by
C–H functionalisation has long been recognised as a critical gap in the
synthetic toolbox. We report a simple and scalable solution
to this problem that does not require any in
situ protection of the amino group and proceeds with 100% atom-economy. Our
strategy, which uses an organic photocatalyst in combination with azide ion as
a hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) catalyst, provides a direct synthesis of C-alkylated amines or γ‑lactams, including
valuable azaspirocycles. We anticipate that this methodology will inspire new
retrosynthetic disconnections for substituted amine derivatives in organic
synthesis, and particularly for challenging α‑tertiary primary amines.