Leena Leppänen

TL;DR: An effective correlation length for the snowpack is derived, which matches the simulated microwave response of a semi-empirical radiative transfer model to observations, and is applied to parameterize the retrieval of SWE using radar, improving retrieval skill compared to a case with no prior knowledge of snow-scattering efficiency.

TL;DR: The results of this survey are discussed from the perspective of the need of enhancing the efficiency and coverage of the in-situ observational network applying automatic and cheap measurement methods and recommendations for the enhancement and harmonization of the observational network and measurement practices are provided.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compare an extensive experimental dataset of measurements of traditional grain size and SSA-derived optical grain size with SNOWPACK simulations of grain-size parameters.

TL;DR: The manual snow survey program of the Arctic Research Centre of the Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI-ARC) consists of numerous observations of natural seasonal taiga snowpack in Sodankyla, northern Finland as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: In this article, a wide range of coupled snow evolution and microwave emission models in a common modelling framework was used to generalise the link between snow-grain microstructure predicted by the snow evolution models and micro-structure required to reproduce observations of brightness temperature as simulated by snow emission models.