Leevi Kääriäinen

TL;DR: All plus-strand RNA viruses replicate in association with cytoplasmic membranes of infected cells, and studies of individual nonstructural proteins have revealed that the replication complexes are associated with the membranes and targeted to the respective organelle by the ns proteins rather than RNA.

TL;DR: Nonstructural proteins nsP1 to -4, the components of Semliki Forest virus (SFV) RNA polymerase, were localized in infected cells by confocal microscopy using double labeling with specific antisera against the individual ns proteins, suggesting that individual spherules represent template-associatedRNA polymerase complexes.

TL;DR: Bacillus subtilis was transformed with a hybrid gene in which the sequence encoding the alpha-amylase signal peptide was joined by a linker to the sequence encode mature human interferon alpha 2(IFN-alpha 2).

TL;DR: It is shown here that nonstructural protein Nsp2 (799 amino acids) of Semliki Forest virus specifically cleaves the gamma,beta-triphosphate bond at the 5' end of RNA.