Titanium dioxide, TiO2, is an important photocatalytic material that exists as two main polymorphs, anatase and rutile. The presence of either or both of these phases impacts on the photocatalytic performance of the material. The present work reviews the anatase to rutile phase transformation. The synthesis and properties of anatase and rutile are examined, followed by a discussion of the thermodynamics of the phase transformation and the factors affecting its observation. A comprehensive analysis of the reported effects of dopants on the anatase to rutile phase transformation and the mechanisms by which these effects are brought about is presented in this review, yielding a plot of the cationic radius versus the valence characterised by a distinct boundary between inhibitors and promoters of the phase transformation. Further, the likely effects of dopant elements, including those for which experimental data are unavailable, on the phase transformation are deduced and presented on the basis of this analysis.

https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs10853-010-5113-0.pdf

Review of the anatase to rutile phase transformation

Spectroscopy is the study of matter interacting with electromagnetic radiation (e.g., light). The electromagnetic spectrum in Figure 1 illustrates the many different types of electromagnetic radiation, including gamma rays (γ-rays), X-rays, ultraviolet (UV) radiation, visible light, infrared (IR) radiation, microwaves, and radio waves. The frequency (ν) and wavelength (λ) ranges associated with each form of radiant energy are also indicated in Figure 1.

Introduction to Spectroscopy

WinXCom – a program for calculating x-ray attenuation coefficients

Phy-X / PSD: Development of a user friendly online software for calculation of parameters relevant to radiation shielding and dosimetry

Magnetic Relaxation in Fine‐Particle Systems

In the first part of this chapter the principles of the white-beam, energy-dispersive method for X-ray diffraction are described with special emphasis on the use of synchrotron radiation Expressions are given for the integrated intensity, the polarization factor and other correction factors Applications in high-pressure X-ray diffraction are mentioned In the second part of the chapter, neutron single-crystal Laue diffraction and neutron time-of-flight powder diffraction are discussed


Keywords:

energy-dispersive techniques;
integrated intensity;
Laue diffraction;
neutron diffraction;
refinement;
resolution;
Rietveld method;
time-of-flight neutron diffraction;
white-beam neutron diffraction;
X-ray energy-dispersive diffraction;
XED

Energy‐dispersive techniques

/pdf/a-study-of-the-structural-stability-of-tic-tin-and-tio-in-2w4voo1b9w.pdf

A Study of the Structural Stability of TiC, TiN and TiO in the Pressure Range up to 65 GPa Using Synchroton Radiation.

High-pressure structural behaviour of Cu0.5Fe0.5Cr2S4: An experimental and theoretical study

Molar extinction coefficients for describing gamma-ray attenuation in solutions

This paper describes a few episodes from the early days of X-ray spectroscopy. It relies on contemporary publications, especially those by Barkla, Moseley, Siegbahn, and Compton. The paper addresses the subject from the vantage point of physics and should be of interest to the X-ray spectroscopist, who wants to obtain a glimpse of the history of his chosen field. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Leif Gerward

Papers

Energy‐dispersive techniques

A Study of the Structural Stability of TiC, TiN and TiO in the Pressure Range up to 65 GPa Using Synchroton Radiation.

High-pressure structural behaviour of Cu0.5Fe0.5Cr2S4: An experimental and theoretical study

Molar extinction coefficients for describing gamma-ray attenuation in solutions

The dawn of X‐ray spectroscopy