Current research into semiconductor clusters is focused on the properties of quantum dots-fragments of semiconductor consisting of hundreds to many thousands of atoms-with the bulk bonding geometry and with surface states eliminated by enclosure in a material that has a larger band gap. Quantum dots exhibit strongly size-dependent optical and electrical properties. The ability to join the dots into complex assemblies creates many opportunities for scientific discovery.

Semiconductor Clusters, Nanocrystals, and Quantum Dots

Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) offer the possibilities to design solar cells with a large flexibility in shape, color, and transparency. DSC research groups have been established around the worl ...

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Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

Novel physical phenomena can emerge in low-dimensional nanomaterials. Bulk MoS2, a prototypical metal dichalcogenide, is an indirect bandgap semiconductor with negligible photoluminescence. When the MoS2 crystal is thinned to monolayer, however, a strong photoluminescence emerges, indicating an indirect to direct bandgap transition in this d-electron system. This observation shows that quantum confinement in layered d-electron materials like MoS2 provides new opportunities for engineering the electronic structure of matter at the nanoscale.

Emerging Photoluminescence in Monolayer MoS2

Bulk nanostructured materials from severe plastic deformation

Nanotechnology is a multidisciplinary field, which covers a vast and diverse array of devices derived from engineering, biology, physics and chemistry. These devices include nanovectors for the targeted delivery of anticancer drugs and imaging contrast agents. Nanowires and nanocantilever arrays are among the leading approaches under development for the early detection of precancerous and malignant lesions from biological fluids. These and other nanodevices can provide essential breakthroughs in the fight against cancer.

Cancer nanotechnology: opportunities and challenges.

The invention relates to the use of a silicon-containing material to reduce the amount of hormone required in a method of hormone treatment to achieve a desired response, particularly in hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and especially in the maintenance of post-menopausal bone health and the management or treatment of osteoporosis, and to pharmaceutical compositions for use in such a method.

Combination of a silicon containing component and a hormone

An orally administrable pharmaceutical product comprising an information carrier having a form and composition such that information is recorded by the carrier; wherein the information carrier comprises a resistant material that is resistant to the gastric environment. The presence of the information carrier facilitates the treatment of overdose patients who have consumed large quantities of the pharmaceutical product. The information may relate to the characteristics of the product and may be recorded by engraving characters into the information carrier.

Orally administrable pharmaceutical product and method of fabrication therefor

The invention relates to dermatological compositions comprising a multiplicity of particles, at least one of the particles comprising porous and/or polycrystalline silicon. The dermatological compositions covered by the invention include compositions for sun protection applications. The use of porous silicon, polycrystalline silicon, and porous silicon oxide mirrors is disclosed.

Skin preparations containing silicon

Three types of mesoporous silicon flakes were fabricated by anodization in methanoic hydrofluoric acid from the same substrates (heavily doped p-type). Even though anodization current density, rinsing, drying method, and storage condition were the same for all three wafers, the resulting porous silicon (PSi) structures had very different properties. They had very different colors. Two of them showed quite high luminescence quantum yields (QYs), confirmed by very long luminescence lifetimes. The highest QY exceeded 50% for a peak photoluminescence wavelength of ∼750 nm. To date, this QY is the highest obtained for PSi and very importantly for silicon with large mesopores, which is typically not highly efficient (as opposed to silicon with small mesopores and microporous silicon). Large mesopores (>15 nm diameter) facilitate impregnation of various substances into luminescent material, such as metals for plasmonics and drugs for theranostics. The differing luminescent properties were correlated to electrolyte temperature during anodization, and evolution of the electrolyte batch (lowering of active fluoride content and buildup of hexafluorosilicate) used to anodize several wafers, whose effects are often overlooked when mass-producing PSi. Supercritical drying and completion of the slow growth of native oxide passivation in the dark leading to different final partially oxidized PSi structures are also important factors for the high QYs obtained. The highest QY was obtained with the structure having the most isolated Si nanocrystals in an amorphous Si oxide tissue.

Leigh T. Canham

Papers

Combination of a silicon containing component and a hormone

Orally administrable pharmaceutical product and method of fabrication therefor

Skin preparations containing silicon

Ultrahigh porosity photoluminescent silicon aerocrystals with greater than 50% nanocrystal ensemble quantum yields

Silikon-implantate die radionuklide und/oder zytotoxische medikamente enthalten und deren verwendung zur behandlung von krebs