The Internet of Things (IoT) makes smart objects the ultimate building blocks in the development of cyber-physical smart pervasive frameworks. The IoT has a variety of application domains, including health care. The IoT revolution is redesigning modern health care with promising technological, economic, and social prospects. This paper surveys advances in IoT-based health care technologies and reviews the state-of-the-art network architectures/platforms, applications, and industrial trends in IoT-based health care solutions. In addition, this paper analyzes distinct IoT security and privacy features, including security requirements, threat models, and attack taxonomies from the health care perspective. Further, this paper proposes an intelligent collaborative security model to minimize security risk; discusses how different innovations such as big data, ambient intelligence, and wearables can be leveraged in a health care context; addresses various IoT and eHealth policies and regulations across the world to determine how they can facilitate economies and societies in terms of sustainable development; and provides some avenues for future research on IoT-based health care based on a set of open issues and challenges.

The Internet of Things for Health Care: A Comprehensive Survey

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A survey on Internet of Things architectures

https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1069&context=ele_facpubs

Towards fog-driven IoT eHealth: Promises and challenges of IoT in medicine and healthcare

State-of-the-art, challenges, and open issues in the integration of Internet of things and cloud computing

In-home healthcare services based on the Internet-of-Things (IoT) have great business potential; however, a comprehensive platform is still missing. In this paper, an intelligent home-based platform, the iHome Health-IoT, is proposed and implemented. In particular, the platform involves an open-platform-based intelligent medicine box (iMedBox) with enhanced connectivity and interchangeability for the integration of devices and services; intelligent pharmaceutical packaging (iMedPack) with communication capability enabled by passive radio-frequency identification (RFID) and actuation capability enabled by functional materials; and a flexible and wearable bio-medical sensor device (Bio-Patch) enabled by the state-of-the-art inkjet printing technology and system-on-chip. The proposed platform seamlessly fuses IoT devices (e.g., wearable sensors and intelligent medicine packages) with in-home healthcare services (e.g., telemedicine) for an improved user experience and service efficiency. The feasibility of the implemented iHome Health-IoT platform has been proven in field trials.

/pdf/a-health-iot-platform-based-on-the-integration-of-17ypefb4pq.pdf

A Health-IoT Platform Based on the Integration of Intelligent Packaging, Unobtrusive Bio-Sensor, and Intelligent Medicine Box

This paper presents a fully-printed chipless radio frequency identification sensor tag for short-range item identification and humidity monitoring applications. The tag consists of two planar inductor–capacitor resonators operating wirelessly through inductive coupling. One resonator is used to encode ID data based on frequency spectrum signature, and another one works as a humidity sensor, utilizing a paper substrate as a sensing material. The sensing performances of three paper substrates, including commercial packaging paper, are investigated. The use of paper provides excellent sensitivity and reasonable response time to humidity. The cheap and robust packaging paper, particularly, exhibits the largest sensitivity over the relative humidity range from 20% to 70%, which offers the possibility of directly printing the sensor tag on traditional packages to make the package intelligent at ultralow cost.

Low-Cost Printed Chipless RFID Humidity Sensor Tag for Intelligent Packaging

This paper presents the prototype implementation of a Bio-Patch using fully integrated low-power system-on-chip (SoC) sensor and paper-based inkjet printing technology. The SoC sensor is featured with programmable gain and bandwidth to accommodate a variety of biosignals. It is fabricated in a 0.18-μm standard CMOS technology, with a total power consumption of 20 μW from a 1.2 V supply. Both the electrodes and interconnections are implemented by printing conductive nanoparticle inks on a flexible photo paper substrate using inkjet printing technology. A Bio-Patch prototype is developed by integrating the SoC sensor, a soft battery, printed electrodes, and interconnections on a photo paper substrate. The Bio-Patch can work alone or operate along with other patches to establish a wired network for synchronous multiple-channel biosignals recording. The measurement results show that electrocardiogram and electromyogram are successfully measured in in vivo tests using the implemented Bio-Patch prototype.

Bio-Patch Design and Implementation Based on a Low-Power System-on-Chip and Paper-Based Inkjet Printing Technology

In this paper, we present a heterogeneous integration platform for bio-sensing applications, which seamlessly integrates low-power silicon-based circuits with cost-effective printed electronics. A prototype of wearable Bio-Sensing Node is fabricated to investigate the suitability of this integration approach. A 1.5 ×3.0 mm2 customized mixed-signal system-on-chip (SoC) with the size of is utilized to amplify, digitize, buffer, and transmit the sensed bio-signals. Inkjet printing technology is employed to print nano-particle silver ink on a flexible substrate to fabricate chip-on-ιex, electrodes as well as interconnections. This additive and digital fabrication technology enables fast prototype of the customized electrode pattern. Its high accuracy and fine resolution features allow the direct integration of the bare die (the pad size of 65 μm and pitch size of 90 μm) on the flexible substrate, which significantly miniaturizes the wearable system. The optimal size and layout of printed electrodes are investigated through the in vivo test for electrocardiogram recording applications. The total size of the implemented Bio-Sensing Node is 4.5 ×2.5 μm, which is comparable with a commercial electrode. This inkjet printed heterogeneous integration approach offers a promising solution for the next-generation cost-effective personalized wearable healthcare monitoring devices.

Li Xie

Papers

A Health-IoT Platform Based on the Integration of Intelligent Packaging, Unobtrusive Bio-Sensor, and Intelligent Medicine Box

Low-Cost Printed Chipless RFID Humidity Sensor Tag for Intelligent Packaging

Bio-Patch Design and Implementation Based on a Low-Power System-on-Chip and Paper-Based Inkjet Printing Technology

Heterogeneous Integration of Bio-Sensing System-on-Chip and Printed Electronics

Electrical performance and reliability evaluation of inkjet-printed Ag interconnections on paper substrates