Showing papers by "Lise Christensen published in 2007"
TL;DR: The finding that tissue CA125 expression was lacking in late stage primary OC tumor of Danish women with poor survival may be of value in selecting patients as eligible candidates for individually based treatments.
136 citations
TL;DR: This review explains how host tissue reacts with different gel types and how adverse reactions differ depending on gel type and hypothesized that bacteria are maintained within a biofilm giving rise to a low-grade infection.
Abstract: BACKGROUND All gels act as foreign bodies. Host response ranges from a few macrophages to an intense foreign-body reaction with fibrosis, depending on gel type. For polymer gels the filling effect stems from their volume. For combination gels it stems from the intended host foreign-body reaction to the microparticles. OBJECTIVE This review explains how host tissue reacts with different gel types and how adverse reactions differ depending on gel type. METHODS AND MATERIALS This study is based on observations during the past 6 1/2 years from experimental/clinical studies and biopsies from adverse reactions. RESULTS Hydrophilic polymer gels constantly exchange water with their host tissue with minimal fibrosis. Degradable gels are encircled and degraded by macrophages; polyacrylamide gel is traversed by macrophages, replaced by fibrous, vessel-bearing strands. All other gels provoke a foreign-body reaction with ensuing fibrosis. Adverse reactions include bacterial infection for the hydrophilic gels and a fibrous granuloma for all other gel types. It is hypothesized that bacteria are maintained within a biofilm (a film comprising bacteria, their nutrients, and their waste products) giving rise to a low-grade infection. CONCLUSIONS Infectious nodules must be treated with antibiotics. Granulomas must be treated with a combination of both steroids and antibiotics or excision.
129 citations
TL;DR: The overall risk of ovarian cancer decreased with ever being pregnant, and significant differences in the risk profiles between mucinous and nonmucinous tumors indicating different etiologies were observed.
Abstract: Objectives: The aim of the study was to examine the overall risk factors for epithelial ovarian cancer and according to histologic subtypes. Materials and Methods: Ovarian cancer cases and controls were recruited from 1995 to 1999, and personal interviews were conducted. A total of 554 cases and 1,564 randomly selected controls were included. The analyses were done using multiple logistic regression models. Results: The overall risk of ovarian cancer decreased with ever being pregnant [odds ratios (OR), 0.40; 95% confidence intervals (CI), 0.30-0.55], with increasing pregnancies (OR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.45-0.87 and OR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.37-0.69 for two and three pregnancies as compared with one), and with older age at first and last pregnancy, respectively. Increasing years of ovulation was a very strong risk factor with a 7% to 8% increase in risk for each year of ovulation. Use of oral contraceptives (OR, 0.67, 95% CI, 0.53-0.85) and longer duration of use were associated with a decreased risk of ovarian cancer. Ever use of hormone replacement therapy increased the overall risk (OR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.05-1.61). For all those variables, the effect was present for serous tumors, endometrioid tumors, and tumors of other histologies, but not for mucinous tumors. In contrast, current smoking was a risk factor only for mucinous tumors (OR, 1.78; 95% CI, 1.01-3.15) and increasing body mass index tended to increase the risk especially for mucinous and endometrioid tumors. Conclusions: We confirmed already known risk factors for ovarian cancer, and we observed significant differences in the risk profiles between mucinous and nonmucinous tumors indicating different etiologies. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2007;16(6):1160–6)
106 citations
TL;DR: The results predict that an elevated expression of ER and PR, alone and in combination, point to a favorable outcome for patients with OC.
Abstract: Estrogen and progesterone are important hormones secreted by the ovary acting through specific receptors. Tumor tissue expression profiles of these have demonstrated prognostic value in malignancies such as breast, uterine and prostate cancer. In this study, including tissue samples from 773 Danish patients with an ovarian tumor, we evaluated whether estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) expression correlated with clinico-pathological parameters, and a possible prognostic impact on ovarian cancer (OC) patients was investigated. Using tissue array and immunohistochemistry, we analyzed the ER and PR expression levels in tissues from 582 women with OC and 191 women with low malignancy potential (LMP) ovarian tumors. Our results demonstrated that ER was expressed in 30 of the 191 LMP tumors (16%) and in 207 of the 582 OC (36%). PR was expressed in 38 LMP tumors (20%) and in 115 OC (20%). For both tumor types an excess of positive tumors was found in the serous compared to the mucinous subtype (p< or =0.00001). The frequency of ER expression-positive OC increased with increasing FIGO stage (p=0.0003), and the frequency of PR-positive tumors increased with increasing histological grade (p=0.0006). In a Cox survival analysis, a tissue ER and PR expression 10% or higher was found to imply an independent significant advantageous course of patient disease-specific survival (ER: hazard ratio (HR), 0.80; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.63-0.99; PR: HR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.51-0.94) together with FIGO stage, residual tumor after primary surgery, age at diagnosis and other histological types vs. serous adenocarcinoma. The histological grade of tumor was found to have no independent prognostic value. The prognostic value of ER and PR was found additive with a HR for patients with high ER and PR expression of 0.48 (95% CI, 0.31-0.74) compared to patients with <10% expression for both receptors. In conclusion, our results predict that an elevated expression of ER and PR, alone and in combination, point to a favorable outcome for patients with OC.
95 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors search for galaxy counterparts to damped Lyman-alpha absorbers (DLAs) at z>2 towards nine quasars, which have 14 DLAs and 8 sub-DLAs in their spectra.
Abstract: We search for galaxy counterparts to damped Lyman-alpha absorbers (DLAs) at z>2 towards nine quasars, which have 14 DLAs and 8 sub-DLAs in their spectra. We use integral field spectroscopy to search for Ly-alpha emission line objects at the redshifts of the absorption systems. Besides recovering two previously confirmed objects, we find six statistically significant candidate Ly-alpha emission line objects. The candidates are identified as having wavelengths close to the DLA line where the background quasar emission is absorbed. In comparison with the six currently known Ly-alpha emitting DLA galaxies the candidates have similar line fluxes and line widths, while velocity offsets between the emission lines and systemic DLA redshifts are larger. The impact parameters are larger than 10 kpc, and lower column density systems are found at larger impact parameters. Assuming that a single gas cloud extends from the QSO line of sight to the location of the candidate emission line, we find that the average candidate DLA galaxy is surrounded by neutral gas with an exponential scale length of ~5 kpc.
48 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors search for galaxy counterparts to damped Lyman-α-absorbers (DLAs) at $z > 2$ towards nine quasars, which have 14 DLAs and 8 sub-DLAs in their spectra.
Abstract: Aims. We search for galaxy counterparts to damped Lyman- α absorbers (DLAs) at $z > 2$ towards nine quasars, which have 14 DLAs and 8 sub-DLAs in their spectra. Methods. We use integral field spectroscopy to search for Ly α emission line objects at the redshifts of the absorption systems. Results. Besides recovering two previously confirmed objects, we find six statistically significant candidate Ly α emission line objects. The candidates are identified as having wavelengths close to the DLA line where the background quasar emission is absorbed. In comparison with the six currently known Ly α emitting DLA galaxies the candidates have similar line fluxes and line widths, while velocity offsets between the emission lines and systemic DLA redshifts are larger. The impact parameters are larger than 10 kpc, and lower column density systems are found at larger impact parameters. Conclusions. Assuming that a single gas cloud extends from the QSO line of sight to the location of the candidate emission line, we find that the average candidate DLA galaxy is surrounded by neutral gas with an exponential scale length of ~5 kpc.
42 citations
TL;DR: It is found that WT1 expression in clinical settings may be of limited prognostic value in Danish OC patients.
26 citations
TL;DR: A case with regional lymph node metastases five years after excision of the primary tumour of the sweat glands is presented.
Abstract: Primary mucinous carcinoma of the skin is a rare malignant tumour originating from the sweat glands. It is often misdiagnosed clinically since it has an uncharacteristic and variable presentation, and microscopically because it resembles a cutaneous metastasis from the more frequent mucinous adenocarcinomas of the colon, mammae, lungs and ovaries. The tumour often recurs, but mortality is low. We present a case with regional lymph node metastases five years after excision of the primary tumour.
18 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the variability of the gamma ray burst light curve and developed a simple model which includes dynamical and radiating part, to simulate shock wave evolution and collision.
Abstract: In this paper we investigate the variability of the gamma ray burst light curve. It is generally known that this fluctuation arise in the second phase of a GRB event, when two shock waves of different Lorentz factors collide. This is so called internal shock scenario. We have developed a simple model which includes dynamical and radiating part, to simulate shock wave evolution and collision. By specifying the model parameters, we show that this scenario could be used to describe variability of GRB light curve. We then use the model to simulate peeks in several different long GRB events from the BATSE database, which show us that some of the basic parameters have a very narrow range of values.
4 citations
26 Dec 2007
TL;DR: It is illustrated how minimum-phase prefiltering or the linear minimum mean-square error decision feedback equalization (LMMSE-DFE) forward filter is capable of reducing the complexity of sphere detectors significantly, while still obtaining near-optimal performance.
Abstract: In this paper, prefiltering techniques for sphere detection (SD) in frequency-selective channels are examined. It is shown that a link between QL-factorization of the channel matrix and minimum-phase prefiltering exists. As a result, it is possible to regard SD as a generalization of traditional reduced- state sequence estimation, providing a unifying framework for the two detection methods. It is illustrated how minimum-phase prefiltering or the linear minimum mean-square error decision feedback equalization (LMMSE-DFE) forward filter is capable of reducing the complexity of sphere detectors significantly, while still obtaining near-optimal performance. The significant reduction in complexity is obtained as prefiltering enables earlier decision making in SD. Simulations carried out in an EDGE system confirm that prefiltering leads to a considerable complexity reduction for sphere detectors.
4 citations
01 Jun 2007
TL;DR: In this article, an ongoing survey to study galaxies associated with damped Lyman-α (DLA) systems at redshifts z>2 was presented, where Integral field spectroscopy was used to search for Lyα emission line objects at the wavelengths where the emission from the quasars have been absorbed by the DLAs.
Abstract: Abstract I present results from an ongoing survey to study galaxies associated with damped Lyman-α (DLA) systems at redshifts z>2. Integral field spectroscopy is used to search for Lyα emission line objects at the wavelengths where the emission from the quasars have been absorbed by the DLAs. The DLA galaxy candidates detected in this survey are found at distances of 10–20 kpc from the quasar line of sight, implying that galaxies are surrounded by neutral hydrogen at large distances. If we assume that the distribution of neutral gas is exponential, the scale length of the neutral gas is ~6 kpc, similar to large disk galaxies in the local Universe. The emission line luminosities imply smaller star formation rates compared to other high redshift galaxies found in luminosity selected samples.