Liv S. Clasen

TL;DR: The dynamic anatomical sequence of human cortical gray matter development between the age of 4-21 years using quantitative four-dimensional maps and time-lapse sequences reveals that higher-order association cortices mature only after lower-order somatosensory and visual cortices are developed.

TL;DR: Maturation to progress in a similar manner regionally in both children with and without ADHD, with primary sensory areas attaining peak cortical thickness before polymodal, high-order association areas, and there was a marked delay in ADHD in attainingpeak thickness throughout most of the cerebrum.

TL;DR: Developmental trajectories for all structures, except caudate, remain roughly parallel for patients and controls during childhood and adolescence, suggesting that genetic and/or early environmental influences on brain development in ADHD are fixed, nonprogressive, and unrelated to stimulant treatment.

TL;DR: By mapping a key characteristic of these development trajectories (the age of attaining peak cortical thickness), this work documents the dynamic, heterochronous maturation of the cerebral cortex through time lapse sequences (“movies”).

TL;DR: This study indicates that the neuroanatomical expression of intelligence in children is dynamic, and finds a marked developmental shift from a predominantly negative correlation between intelligence and cortical thickness in early childhood to a positive correlation in late childhood and beyond.