Diabetes mellitus is one of the major health problems in the world, the incidence and associated mortality are increasing. Inadequate regulation of the blood sugar imposes serious consequences for health. Conventional antidiabetic drugs are effective, however, also with unavoidable side effects. On the other hand, medicinal plants may act as an alternative source of antidiabetic agents. Examples of medicinal plants with antidiabetic potential are described, with focuses on preclinical and clinical studies. The beneficial potential of each plant matrix is given by the combined and concerted action of their profile of biologically active compounds.

https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/9/10/551/pdf

Antidiabetic Potential of Medicinal Plants and Their Active Components.

The carnivorous habit in flowering plants represents a grade of structural organization. Different morphological features associated with the attraction, trapping, and digestion of prey characterize a diversity of specialized forms, including the familiar pitcher and flypaper traps. Phylogenetic analysis of nucleotide sequence data from the plastic rbcL gene indicates that both carnivory and stereotyped trap forms have arisen independently in different lineages of angiosperms. Furthermore, these results demonstrate that flypaper traps share close common ancestry with all other trap forms. Recognition of these patterns of diversification may provide ideal, naturally occurring systems for studies of developmental processes underlying macromorphological evolution in angiosperms.

Carnivorous plants: Phylogeny and structural evolution

An antioxidant is a substance that at low concentrations delays or prevents oxidation of a substrate. Antioxidant compounds act through several chemical mechanisms: hydrogen atom transfer (HAT), single electron transfer (SET), and the ability to chelate transition metals. The importance of antioxidant mechanisms is to understand the biological meaning of antioxidants, their possible uses, their production by organic synthesis or biotechnological methods, or for the standardization of the determination of antioxidant activity. In general, antioxidant molecules can react either by multiple mechanisms or by a predominant mechanism. The chemical structure of the antioxidant substance allows understanding of the antioxidant reaction mechanism. This chapter reviews the in vitro antioxidant reaction mechanisms of organic compounds polyphenols, carotenoids, and vitamins C against free radicals (FR) and prooxidant compounds under diverse conditions, as well as the most commonly used methods to evaluate the antioxidant activity of these compounds according to the mechanism involved in the reaction with free radicals and the methods of in vitro antioxidant evaluation that are used frequently depending on the reaction mechanism of the antioxidant.

/pdf/antioxidant-compounds-and-their-antioxidant-mechanism-34bjoq0yfz.pdf

Antioxidant Compounds and Their Antioxidant Mechanism

Recent discovery of plant-derived anti-diabetic natural products

A Revised Handbook to the Flora of Ceylon

Nymphaea stellata Willd. (Syn. Nymphaea nouchali Burman f.) (Nymphaeaceae) is an important and well-known medicinal plant, widely used in the Ayurveda and Siddha systems of medicines for the treatment of diabetes, inflammation, liver disorders, urinary disorders, menorrhagia, blenorrhagia, menstruation problem, as an aphrodisiac, and as a bitter tonic. There seems to be an agreement between the traditional use and experimental observations, such as, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and particularly antidiabetic activity. Nymphayol, a steroid isolated from the flowers has been scientifically proved to be responsible for the traditionally claimed antidiabetic activity; it reverses the damaged endocrine tissue and stimulates secretion of insulin in the β-cells. However, taking into account the magnitude of its traditional uses, the studies conducted are still negligible. This review is an attempt to provide the pharmaceutical prospective of Nymphaea stellata.

/pdf/a-comprehensive-review-on-nymphaea-stellata-a-traditionally-3y92gi18qg.pdf

A comprehensive review on Nymphaea stellata: A traditionally used bitter.

This manuscript is mainly focusing on approximate controllability for fractional differential evolution equations of order 1

A new approach on the approximate controllability of fractional differential evolution equations of order 1 < r < 2 in Hilbert spaces

This manuscript is mainly focusing on the existence and controllability of fractional integro-differential system of order 1

Results on the existence and controllability of fractional integro-differential system of order 1 < r < 2 via measure of noncompactness

This manuscript is mainly focusing on the approximate controllability of fractional differential evolution inclusions of order 1

M. K. Mohan Maruga Raja

Papers

A comprehensive review on Nymphaea stellata: A traditionally used bitter.

A new approach on the approximate controllability of fractional differential evolution equations of order 1 < r < 2 in Hilbert spaces

Results on the existence and controllability of fractional integro-differential system of order 1 < r < 2 via measure of noncompactness

A new approach on approximate controllability of fractional evolution inclusions of order 1 < r < 2 with infinite delay

Hypoglycemic activity of Nymphaea stellata leaves ethanolic extract in alloxan induced diabetic rats.