Mariko Morishita

TL;DR: All of the insulin loaded formulations produced significant insulin absorption in the upper small intestine combined with hypoglycemic effects, and all of the hydrogels were able to incorporate insulin and protected it from release in acidic media.

TL;DR: In studies with diabetic rats, the serum glucose level was lower than control values for the animals that received the insulin-loaded copolymers and lasted for at least 6 h, and the insulin loaded copolymer nanospheres caused a significant reduction of serum glucose with respect to that of a control animal.

TL;DR: The results imply that the particle size and delivery site are very important factors for ILP with respect to increasing the bioavailability of insulin following oral administration.

TL;DR: It is suggested that the variation of the enzymatic activities in the mucous/glycocalyx layers and in the brush-border membrane would be one factor that accounts for the regional differences in the transport of insulin.

TL;DR: Hyaluronidase pretreatment increased ileal absorption of insulin, but not FDs, by virtue of the diminished mucous/glycocalyx layers without causing detectable cellular damage, suggesting that the layers functioned insignificantly to diffusive absorption.