In the past few years, spiropyran has emerged as the molecule-of-choice for the construction of novel dynamic materials. This unique molecular switch undergoes structural isomerisation in response to a variety of orthogonal stimuli, e.g. light, temperature, metal ions, redox potential, and mechanical stress. Incorporation of this switch onto macromolecular supports or inorganic scaffolds allows for the creation of robust dynamic materials. This review discusses the synthesis, switching conditions, and use of dynamic materials in which spiropyran has been attached to the surfaces of polymers, biomacromolecules, inorganic nanoparticles, as well as solid surfaces. The resulting materials show fascinating properties whereby the state of the switch intimately affects a multitude of useful properties of the support. The utility of the spiropyran switch will undoubtedly endow these materials with far-reaching applications in the near future.

/pdf/spiropyran-based-dynamic-materials-4c1onvrhup.pdf

Spiropyran-based dynamic materials

A review. Physicochem. properties of ionic liqs. are discussed. Chem. and electrochem. reactivity in ionic liqs. is described including electrode reactions, electrode reaction kinetics, electrosynthesis, etc.

Electrochemical reactivity in room-temperature ionic liquids.

Ionic liquids are liquids composed completely of ions. In the past two decades, ionic liquids have been widely used as “green solvents” replacing traditional organic solvents for organic synthesis and catalysis. In addition, ionic liquids are playing an increasingly important role in separation science. In this Account, the application of ionic liquids in all areas of separation science including extractions, gas chromatography, and supported liquid membrane processes are highlighted.

Ionic liquids in separations.

Sequential separation of light rare-earth elements, thorium and uranium by miniaturized extraction chromatography: Application to isotopic analyses of silicate rocks

https://pure.mpg.de/pubman/item/item_1925102_4/component/file_1925101/562340.pdf

Poly(ionic liquid)s: Polymers expanding classical property profiles

Comparison of earning capacities of PhD in chemistry with advanced degrees in law and medicine.

https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/ed072p41

Is a PhD in Chemistry Worth the Effort? - Revisited

Adsorption of neutral metal chelates at liquid-liquid interfaces

The preparation of partial esters of methylenebisphosphonic acids has been of recent interest due to their potential therapeutic applications. This paper describes a convenient method to prepare symmetrical methylenebis(alkyl hydrogen phosphonates) by the selective cleavage of the corresponding methylenebis(dialkyl phosphonate) with refluxing morpholine. The effects of structural variations on the amine as well as the substrate have been investigated to understand the scope and limitations of this reaction. A superior approach to hindered bisphosphonic acid esters involves the cleavage of their dimethyl esters, 4, using morpholine. This method is also useful to access a number of C-alkyl dialkyl methylenebisphosphonic acids such as 6. This study clearly shows that cleavage with morpholine is convenient, inexpensive, and allows for the preparation of a variety of P,P'-disubstituted partial esters in good yields and high purity.

Mark L. Dietz

Papers

Is a PhD in Chemistry Worth the Effort? - Revisited

Adsorption of neutral metal chelates at liquid-liquid interfaces

Synthesis of Symmetrical Methylenebis(alkyl hydrogen phosphonates) by Selective Cleavage of Methylenebis(dialkyl phosphonates) with Morpholine.

Fiber-optic probe for measurement of interfacial area in vigorously stirred solvent extraction systems

Diluent Effects in Synergistic Solvent Extraction by Dicyclohexano-18-Crown-6 and Dialkylphosphoric Acids