Framework Convention on Climate Change

Review on methanation – From fundamentals to current projects

Biomass gasification technology: The state of the art overview

Biomass gasification has yet to consolidate its position compared to other techniques for exploiting biomass energy. Neither the research conducted nor the plants built in recent decades, nor even government support for this technology, have provided a sufficient boost to increase the level of implementation of gasification despite its advantages in aspects such as greater efficiency and the reduction in CO2 emissions, as there are numerous other methods of biomass energy conversion that provide stiff competition. In this paper, gasification techniques have been reviewed in depth and the main factors to be considered in the design of a gasification plant have been outlined. It is observed that there are a great number of factors involved in design and operation of a gasification plant, and many of them are critical. Moreover, having designed a plant according to certain specifications, there is a high probability that these initial conditions can vary, causing a malfunction of the plant.

Biomass gasification for electricity generation: Review of current technology barriers

Progress in biofuel production from gasification

Influence of pressure, temperature and steam on tar and gas in allothermal fluidized bed gasification

https://mediatum.ub.tum.de/doc/1161100/file.pdf

Performance of entrained flow and fluidised bed biomass gasifiers on different scales

This work describes the first on-line, in situ measurement of alkali species in biomass gasification using excimer laser induced fragmentation fluorescence (ELIF). Three pelletised biomass fuels were gasified under different operating conditions in a bubbling fluidized-bed reactor, using steam as the gasifying medium. Concentrations of potassium and sodium were measured in real time for several hours per measurement. Average concentrations obtained for potassium ranged from 140 to 350 ppb, and those for sodium ranged from 1.7 to 60 ppb. Also observed was a slow release of alkali after shutting off the fuel feed, which suggests that alkali species had been taken up in the bed material (olivine); this was confirmed by analysing the bed material before and after use. Consideration of the olivine structure/composition and possible interactions with alkali and other elements during gasification suggests that alkali-containing layers could have formed on the bed particles but appear not to form crystalline phases. This may allow for re-release of alkali while the bed is still hot.

Continuous in situ measurements of alkali species in the gasification of biomass

SUMMARY

The gasification of biomass can be coupled to a downstream methanation process that produces synthetic natural gas (SNG). This enables the distribution of bioenergy in the existing natural gas grid. A process model is developed for the small-scale production of SNG with the use of the software package Aspen Plus (Aspen Technology, Inc., Burlington, MA, USA). The gasification is based on an indirect gasifier with a thermal input of 500 kW. The gasification system consists of a fluidized bed reformer and a fluidized bed combustor that are interconnected via heat pipes. The subsequent methanation is modeled by a fluidized bed reactor. Different stages of process integration between the endothermic gasification and exothermic combustion and methanation are considered. With increasing process integration, the conversion efficiency from biomass to SNG increases. A conversion efficiency from biomass to SNG of 73.9% on a lower heating value basis is feasible with the best integrated system. The SNG produced in the simulation meets the quality requirements for injection into the natural gas grid. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Small-scale production of synthetic natural gas by allothermal biomass gasification

https://mediatum.ub.tum.de/doc/1398098/file.pdf

Matthias Gaderer

Papers

Influence of pressure, temperature and steam on tar and gas in allothermal fluidized bed gasification

Performance of entrained flow and fluidised bed biomass gasifiers on different scales

Continuous in situ measurements of alkali species in the gasification of biomass

Small-scale production of synthetic natural gas by allothermal biomass gasification

Impact of HTC reaction conditions on the hydrochar properties and CO2 gasification properties of spent grains