Basics of qualitative research: Grounded theory procedures and techniques

This comprehensive literature review of the phosphorus nutrition and metabolism of eukaryotic microalgae deals sequentially with (1) extracellular P-compounds available for algal utilization and growth; (2) orthophosphate uptake mechanisms, kinetics, and influence from environmental variables; (3) phosphatase-mediated utilization of organic phosphates involving multiple enzymes, induction and cellular location of repressible and irrepressible phosphatases, and their role in growth physiological processes; (4) intracellular phosphate metabolism covering diversity of phosphometabolites. ATP-linked energy regulation, polyphosphate pools and storage roles, phospholipids and phospholipases; (5) steady-state and transient-state models relating phosphate utilization to growth; (6) ecological aspects covering manifestations of phosphorus limitation, interspecific competition for phosphonutrients among microorganisms, and current views on phosphorus cycling and turnover in aquatic ecosystems. Although concentrating on the microalgae, the review often points out sounder conclusions drawn from bacteria and fungi, and includes specific macroalgae in considering certain subtopics where such algae were better investigated and provided a good basis for comparison with the microalgae.

The utilization of inorganic and organic phosphorous compounds as nutrients by eukaryotic microalgae: a multidisciplinary perspective: part 1

This review examines the role of religion, for better and worse, in marital and parent-child relationships according to peer reviewed studies from 1999-2009. A conceptual framework labeled "relational spirituality" is used to: (a) organize the breadth of findings into the three stages of the formation, maintenance, and transformation of family relationships, and (b) illustrate three in-depth sets of mechanisms to delve into unique ways religion may shape family bonds. Topics include union formation, fertility, spousal roles, marital satisfaction and conflict, divorce, domestic violence, infidelity, pregnancy, parenting children, parenting adolescents, and coping with family distress. Conclusions emphasize moving beyond markers of general religiousness and identifying specific spiritual beliefs and practices that could prevent or intensify problems in traditional and nontraditional families.

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Religion in families, 1999 2009: A relational spirituality framework.

Soul Searching: The Religious and Spiritual Lives of American Teenagers

The Ganges River particularly in the old and religious city of Varanasi is polluted by the discharges of cities and towns into the river. Human corpses and raw sewage are the major sources of the rivers pollution. There is no sewage system for 90% of the population. Coliform levels are 120000 colonies/100 milliliters of water. Industry must pay for a permit to dump into rivers but there is no rule governing urban contributions to pollution control. In 1992 members of an environmental group Swatch Ganga attended a conference conducted by the Friends of the Ganges in order to gain moral technical and financial support for cleaning up the river. A strong point was made about fertility levels being lowered when infant mortality declined particularly infant mortality due to water-borne diseases. 50 teachers were also trained to test for water quality by a simple method that students could use. The engineers in attendance discussed the construction of a deep water gravity system for transporting sewage which would not harm the citys ancient architecture but would be costly. Other suggestions were a Chinese-style composting of sewage and an American method for chemical treatment of water. There was no perfect method suggested. The publicity attracted the attention of the Minister of Environment; Dr. Mishra an elite Brahmin founder of Swatch Ganga was asked to personally present the conference recommendations. Friends of the Ganges was also able to raise funds for a community water testing laboratory and to send Dr. Mishra to the USA to study successful river cleanup models. There is a great love of the river and an estimated 70000 pilgrims come to Varanasi every day. There is a need to unite the Moslems Buddhists Jains and Sikhs in a grass-roots effort to clean up the river. There is also need for strong national government financial support. The late Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi spearheaded the Ganga Action Plan to construct and renovate treatment plants for 24 cities along the river but the program ended with much to be done; monsoons overwhelm the sewage pumps many months of the year. There are fights over regional cost-sharing.

The sacred and the profane.

Families and Religious Beliefs, Practices, and Communities: Linkages in a Diverse and Dynamic Cultural Context

This article builds on the work of Annette Mahoney and her colleagues regarding "sanctification of marriage" by focusing on religious married couples'perception of God's involvement in their marriages. The study includes qualitative analyses of indepth interviews with 32 middle-aged Christian, Jewish and Muslim couples married an average of twenty years. Couples' views of God's purposes influenced the pathways and processes of perceived divine involvement in their marriages. The extent and pathways in which couples perceived God to be involved in their marriage correlated with specific beliefs and practices. Several patterns emerge and a theoretical model is proposed to illustrate the pathways of perceived involvement and outcomes.

How Religious Couples Perceive the Influence of God in Their Marriage

Leading scholars of marital processes strongly recommend supplementing the current focus on marital conflict to include research on transformative processes. This qualitative study examines the connection between religion and the transformative processes of commitment and coping in marriage. The sample for this study includes 184 married couples (N = 368 individuals), making it far larger than most in-depth, qualitative interview-based studies. Participants included Christians, Jews, and Muslims with an over sampling of minorities and immigrant families living in all eight regions of the United States. For several decades studies have shown a largely positive correlation between (a) religiosity and marital commitment and (b) religiosity and (generally) positive coping, but with little explanation regarding how and why. Findings of this study indicate that there are specific religious beliefs and practices related to how these couples approach their marriages—including several that relate to the two transformative processes of commitment and coping.

Religious Faith and Transformational Processes in Marriage

UCRt-1956 Unclassified-Chemistry Distribution UNIVEEEITY OF CALIFORNIA Radiation Laboratory Contract No, W-7405-eng-48 PHOSPHORUS AND PHOTOSYNTHESIS I, DPFEBENCES I N THE LIGHT AND DARK INCOHSOHATIOEJ OF WIDPHOSPHATE M Goodman, D o F o Bradley and M, Calvin October, 1952 Berkeley, California

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Michael A. Goodman

Papers

Families and Religious Beliefs, Practices, and Communities: Linkages in a Diverse and Dynamic Cultural Context

How Religious Couples Perceive the Influence of God in Their Marriage

Religious Faith and Transformational Processes in Marriage

Phosphorus and Photosynthesis. I. Differences in the Light and Dark Incorporation of Radiophosphate1

Fractionation of Phosphates from Scenedesmus by Anion Exchange1