Deposits of clastic carbonate-dominated (calciclastic) sedimentary slope systems in the rock record have been identified mostly as linearly-consistent carbonate apron deposits, even though most ancient clastic carbonate slope deposits fit the submarine fan systems better. Calciclastic submarine fans are consequently rarely described and are poorly understood. Subsequently, very little is known especially in mud-dominated calciclastic submarine fan systems. Presented in this study are a sedimentological core and petrographic characterisation of samples from eleven boreholes from the Lower Carboniferous of Bowland Basin (Northwest England) that reveals a >250 m thick calciturbidite complex deposited in a calciclastic submarine fan setting. Seven facies are recognised from core and thin section characterisation and are grouped into three carbonate turbidite sequences. They include: 1) Calciturbidites, comprising mostly of highto low-density, wavy-laminated bioclast-rich facies; 2) low-density densite mudstones which are characterised by planar laminated and unlaminated muddominated facies; and 3) Calcidebrites which are muddy or hyper-concentrated debrisflow deposits occurring as poorly-sorted, chaotic, mud-supported floatstones. These

Phd by thesis

Switches, and Actuators Masahiro Irie,*,† Tuyoshi Fukaminato,‡ Kenji Matsuda, and Seiya Kobatake †Research Center for Smart Molecules, Rikkyo University, Nishi-Ikebukuro 3-34-1, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan ‡Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, N20, W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka City University, Sugimoto 3-3-138, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan

Photochromism of Diarylethene Molecules and Crystals: Memories, Switches, and Actuators

: The unpolarized absorption and circular dichroism spectra of the fundamental vibrational transitions of the chiral molecule, 4-methyl-2-oxetanone, are calculated ab initio. Harmonic force fields are obtained using Density Functional Theory (DFT), MP2, and SCF methodologies and a 5S4P2D/3S2P (TZ2P) basis set. DFT calculations use the Local Spin Density Approximation (LSDA), BLYP, and Becke3LYP (B3LYP) density functionals. Mid-IR spectra predicted using LSDA, BLYP, and B3LYP force fields are of significantly different quality, the B3LYP force field yielding spectra in clearly superior, and overall excellent, agreement with experiment. The MP2 force field yields spectra in slightly worse agreement with experiment than the B3LYP force field. The SCF force field yields spectra in poor agreement with experiment.The basis set dependence of B3LYP force fields is also explored: the 6-31G* and TZ2P basis sets give very similar results while the 3-21G basis set yields spectra in substantially worse agreements with experiment. jg

Ab initio calculation of vibrational absorption and circular dichroism spectra using density functional force fields

C–H activation has surfaced as an increasingly powerful tool for molecular sciences, with notable applications to material sciences, crop protection, drug discovery, and pharmaceutical industries, among others. Despite major advances, the vast majority of these C–H functionalizations required precious 4d or 5d transition metal catalysts. Given the cost-effective and sustainable nature of earth-abundant first row transition metals, the development of less toxic, inexpensive 3d metal catalysts for C–H activation has gained considerable recent momentum as a significantly more environmentally-benign and economically-attractive alternative. Herein, we provide a comprehensive overview on first row transition metal catalysts for C–H activation until summer 2018.

3d Transition Metals for C-H Activation.

Heavy metal ions are of great concern, not only among the scientific community, especially chemists, biologists, and environmentalists, but increasingly among the general population, who are aware of the some of the disadvantages associated with them. In spite of the fact that some heavy metal ions play important roles in living systems, they are very toxic and hence capable of causing serious environmental and health problems.1-6 Some heavy metal ions, such as Fe(III), Zn(II), Cu(II), Co(II), Mn(II), and Mo(VI), are essential for the maintenance of human metabolism. However, high concentrations of these ions can lead to many adverse health effects.1,2,7-20 It is also a fact that others such as Hg(II), Cd(II), Pb(II), and As(III) are among the most toxic ions known that lack any vital or beneficial effects. Accumulation of these over time in the bodies of humans and animals can lead to serious debilitating illnesses.2,21-30 Therefore, the development of increasingly selective and sensitive methods for the determination of heavy metal ions is currently receiving considerable attention.7,23,31-36 Several methods, including atomic absorption spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, electrochemical sensoring, and the use of piezoelectric quartz crystals make it possible to detect low limits.37-40 However, these methods require expensive equipment and involve time-consuming and laborious procedures that can be carried out only by trained professionals. Alternatively, analytical techniques based on fluorescence detection are very popular because fluorescence measurements are usually very sensitive (parts per billion/trillion), easy to perform, and inexpensive.23,37,41-45 Furthermore, the photophysical properties of a fluorophore can be easily tuned using a range of routes: charge transfer, electron transfer, energy transfer, the influence of the heavy metal ions, and the destabilization of nonemissive n-π* excited states.5 Consequently, a large number of papers involving fluorescent chemosensors (see definition in section 2) have been published. In general to date, fluorescent chemosensors for anions and cations have proven popular, but those for many heavy metal ions such as Hg(II), Pb(II), Cu(II), Fe(III), and Ag(I) present challenges because these ions often act as fluorescence quenchers. Cu(II) is a typical ion that causes the chemosensor to decrease fluorescent emissions due to quenching of the fluorescence by mechanisms inherent to the paramagnetic species.46-48 Such decreased emissions are impractical for analytical purposes because of their low signal outputs upon complexation. In addition, temporal separation of spectrally similar complexes by time-resolved fluorimetry is subsequently prevented.49 Compared to the relatively well-developed fluorescent chemosensors, fluorescent chemodosimeters (see definition in section 2) have recently emerged as a research area of * Corresponding author. E-mail: jongskim@korea.ac.kr. † Hue University. ‡ Korea University. Duong Tuan Quang was born in 1970 in Thanhhoa, Vietnam, and graduated from Hue University in 1992, where he obtained his M.S. degree two years later and began his career as a lecturer in Chemistry soon afterwards. He received his Ph.D. degree in 2003 from Institute of Chemistry, Vietnamese Academy of Science and Technology. In 2006, he worked as a postdoctoral fellow in Professor Jong Seung Kim’s laboratory, Dankook University, Seoul, Korea. He was promoted as an associate professor in 2009 and went to Korea University as a research professor in 2010. His main task involved the development of chromogenic and fluorogenic molecular sensors to detect specific cations and anions. Chem. Rev. 2010, 110, 6280–6301 6280

Fluoro- and Chromogenic Chemodosimeters for Heavy Metal Ion Detection in Solution and Biospecimens

Light‐Triggered Guest Uptake and Release by a Photochromic Coordination Cage

The paramagnetism of lanthanide ions offers outstanding opportunities for fast determinations of the three-dimensional (3D) structures of protein-ligand complexes by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. It is shown how the combination of pseudocontact shifts (PCSs) induced by a site-specifically bound lanthanide ion and prior knowledge of the 3D structure of the lanthanide-labeled protein can be used to achieve (i) rapid assignments of NMR spectra, (ii) structure determinations of protein-protein complexes, and (iii) identification of the binding mode of low-molecular weight compounds in complexes with proteins. Strategies for site-specific incorporation of lanthanide ions into proteins are summarized.

NMR structure determination of protein - ligand complexes by lanthanide labeling

Allosteric Binding of Halide Anions by a New Dimeric Interpenetrated Coordination Cage

Manganese-catalyzed CH functionalization reactions of ketimines set the stage for the expedient synthesis of cis-β-amino acid esters through site- and regioselective alkene annulations. The organometallic CH activation occurred efficiently with high functional group tolerance, delivering densely functionalized β-amino acid derivatives with ample scope.

Manganese-catalyzed synthesis of cis-β-amino acid esters through organometallic C-H activation of ketimines.

The enantioselective cobalt(III)-catalyzed C-H alkylation was achieved through the design of a novel chiral acid. The cobalt(III)-catalyzed enantioselective C-H activation was characterized by high position-, regio- and enantio-control under exceedingly mild reaction conditions. Thereby, the robust cooperative cobalt(III) catalysis proved tolerant of valuable electrophilic functional groups, including hydroxyl, bromo, and iodo substituents. Mechanistic studies revealed a considerable additive effect on kinetics and on a negative non-linear-effect.

Michael John

Papers

Light‐Triggered Guest Uptake and Release by a Photochromic Coordination Cage

NMR structure determination of protein - ligand complexes by lanthanide labeling

Allosteric Binding of Halide Anions by a New Dimeric Interpenetrated Coordination Cage

Manganese-catalyzed synthesis of cis-β-amino acid esters through organometallic C-H activation of ketimines.

Enantioselective Cobalt(III)-Catalyzed C−H Activation Enabled by Chiral Carboxylic Acid Cooperation