In general, Micropower Impulse Radar (MIR) depends on Ultra-Wideband (UWB) transmission systems. UWB technology can supply innovative new systems and products that have an obvious value for radar and communications uses. Important applications include bridge-deck inspection systems, ground penetrating radar, mine detection, and precise distance resolution for such things as liquid level measurement. Most of these UWB inspection and measurement methods have some unique qualities, which need to be pursued. Therefore, in considering changes to Part 15 the FCC needs to take into account the unique features of UWB technology. MIR is applicable to two general types of UWB systems: radar systems and communications systems. Currently LLNL and its licensees are focusing on radar or radar type systems. LLNL is evaluating MIR for specialized communication systems. MIR is a relatively low power technology. Therefore, MIR systems seem to have a low potential for causing harmful interference to other users of the spectrum since the transmitted signal is spread over a wide bandwidth, which results in a relatively low spectral power density.

/pdf/response-to-fcc-98-208-notice-of-inquiry-in-the-matter-of-3attixctl7.pdf

Response to FCC 98-208 notice of inquiry in the matter of revision of part 15 of the commission's rules regarding ultra-wideband transmission systems

Ultra Wideband Signals and Systems in Communication Engineering

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel5/5/31324/01456901.pdf

Microelectronic circuits

IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters

https://gut.bmj.com/content/gutjnl/58/12/1680.full.pdf

Recent advances in autoimmune pancreatitis

A three bit digitally controlled differential delay circuit is investigated in this work. The circuit is coupled to a normal high current power delivery network (PDN), which is capable of coming up from sleep mode (0[Formula: see text]A) to 10 or 30[Formula: see text]A or else 50[Formula: see text]A in 10[Formula: see text]ns. Simulated in a 0.09-[Formula: see text]m CMOS process and power supply voltage ([Formula: see text]) of 1.1[Formula: see text]V, the proposed circuit in post-layout can operate from 435.5[Formula: see text]ps to 152.2[Formula: see text]ps. The corresponding input vector (CBA) during this period switches from 000 to 111. Further, there are also intermediate states as the delay varies between the said ranges. These values of delay being dependent on the input vector has been noted to reduce monotonically. In addition to that, the post-layout delay sustains a shift of 4.0 and 6.5[Formula: see text]ps for NN and SS process corner, respectively, following a [Formula: see text]C change in temperature. But an abrupt high current [Formula: see text] pumped into the chip causes the voltage ([Formula: see text]) near the device to drop due to PDN. It also fluctuates with the natural frequency of PDN. The noise so developed induces jitter in the output swing and causes more delay between input and output in comparison to the circuit designed with zero noise in power supply. The jitter achieved for a current ramp [Formula: see text] of 0–50[Formula: see text]A in 10[Formula: see text]ns for the two vector CBA happens to be around 5.0 and 4.4[Formula: see text]ps, respectively. The current ramp also generates power supply noise of 0.468[Formula: see text]V occurring close to the silicon chip. This, in turn, corresponds to a [Formula: see text] of 0.642[Formula: see text]V near the die, appearing to be much less than the required [Formula: see text] of 1.1[Formula: see text]V. Therefore, the delay is found to be affected significantly due to the sudden current ramp. It is also noted that a constant DC voltage of 0.642[Formula: see text]V has quite different effect on delay and jitter than a fluctuating AC noise having the first droop same as that DC voltage. 

Simulation and Analysis of a Digitally Controlled Differential Delay Circuit Under Process, Voltage, Temperature and Noise Due to Injection of High Current

A microstrip patch antenna is designed that have metallic ring coplanar to radiation patch for gain enhancement is proposed. The design forces conversion of the surface wave energy into the space wave energy by the scattering of surface waves from metallic ring. The metallic ring is placed around the metal patch at a distance of d1 from the edges of the metal patch and width of metallic ring is d2. Using CST Microwave studio, the results of the patch antenna without metallic ring and patch surrounded by metallic ring are simulated and compared. The proposed microstrip patch antenna operates at the 10.5 GHz frequency. By this proposed antenna design there is enhancement in the gain of microstrip patch antenna about 185% as compared to conventional one (without metallic ring).

/pdf/gain-enhancement-in-microstrip-patch-antennas-using-metallic-5f5jp3nxms.pdf

Gain Enhancement in Microstrip Patch Antennas using Metallic Ring at 10 GHz

A systematic design procedure for elliptical shape ground plane directional ultra-wideband (UWB) with circular patch antenna for microwave imaging applications is being presented here. The feed for the proposed directional ultra-wideband antenna is given by microstrip line due to its attractive features such as low cost, low profile and easy to fabrication. Further, the axis of elliptical ground plane is rotated 45 degrees diagonally in the direction of substrate in order to increase the directivity. The axis of elliptical ground is placed symmetrical around the patch due to exploit its capability as reflector. The simulation analysis of the antenna is done on software CST Microwave Studio using FR-4 substrate with dielectric constant 4.3. The simulated result shows a good bandwidth of the antenna which covers the frequency range of 3–10 GHz. The radiation pattern characteristics, return loss (S11), VSWR performance and directivity of the antenna at different frequencies have also been given.

Elliptical shape ground plane directional ultra-wideband antenna for microwave imaging applications

In this paper, a novel broadband microstrip patch antenna (MPA) using stub loaded configuration is proposed to enhance the bandwidth of antenna. This antenna is designed for circular radiating patch of 18.2 mm radii to achieve broadband frequency 2.285–2.45 GHz which supports IEEE 802.11 WLAN communications. The percentage bandwidth improves by using variable stub length and fixed width on circular patch antenna. Furthermore, the bandwidth enhanced by 7.2 percent at resonant frequency 2.3 GHz.

A novel probe-fed tunable broadband antenna using stub loaded configuration

A Low voltage and low noise figure double-balanced down-conversion mixer is proposed and implemented using ADS software in a 0.18µm CMOS process technology, at 1V DC supply voltage. The proposed mixer use DTMOS (Dynamic Threshold Voltage MOSFET) configuration at RF and LO stages for low voltage operation. LC ladder circuit is used for matching at RF port. Current injection technique is used to enhance the conversion gain. The proposed mixer is designed for a RF frequency of 3.432 GHz with an IF frequency of 264 MHz. Simulation of mixer shows maximum conversion gain of 9.212 dB, P1dB of −17.2 dBm, IIP3 of −4.828 dBm, S 11 of −29.404 dB and a SSB noise figure of 6.720 dB.

Mithilesh Kumar

Papers

Simulation and Analysis of a Digitally Controlled Differential Delay Circuit Under Process, Voltage, Temperature and Noise Due to Injection of High Current

Gain Enhancement in Microstrip Patch Antennas using Metallic Ring at 10 GHz

Elliptical shape ground plane directional ultra-wideband antenna for microwave imaging applications

A novel probe-fed tunable broadband antenna using stub loaded configuration

Low Voltage Low Noise Figure Down-Conversion Mixer for Band 1 of WiMedia System