Eco-friendly biosynthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles using Tinospora cordifolia (Thunb.) Miers and evaluate its antibacterial, antioxidant potential

The aim of the study was to identify new sources of substrate from agro-industrial waste for protease production using Bacillus sp., a local bacteria isolated from an agro-waste dumping site. The strain was identified as Bacillus sp. BT MASC 3 by 16S rRNA sequence followed by phylogenic analysis. Response surface methodology-based Box–Behnken design (BBD) was used to optimize the variables such as pH, incubation time, coffee pulp waste (CPW) and corncob (CC) substrate concentration. The BBD design showed a reasonable adjustment of the quadratic model with the experimental data. Statistics-based contour and 3-D plots were generated to evaluate the changes in the response surface and understand the relationship between the culture conditions and the enzyme yield. The maximum yield of protease production (920 U/mL) was achieved after 60 h of incubation with 3.0 g/L of CPW and 2.0 g/L of CC at pH 8 and temperature 37 °C in this study. The molecular mass of the purified enzyme was 46 kDa. The highest activity was obtained at 50 °C and pH 9 for the purified enzymes.

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Optimization of protease production from surface-modified coffee pulp waste and corncobs using Bacillus sp. by SSF

Chemical, physical and biological methods to convert lignocellulosic waste into value-added products. A review

Design and composition of synthetic fungal-bacterial microbial consortia that improve lignocellulolytic enzyme activity

The techniques to immobilize microbial cells for the production of industrially important enzymes have been reported to offer advantages of cost effectiveness, higher yields and recyclability. Keeping the importance of yeasts strains and immobilization in view, this study was carried out to optimize the condition for the process of immobilization of an indigenous pectinolytic yeast strain, Geotrichum candidum AA15 on an inexpensive matrix, Corncob (CB). Various parameters influencing the process of immobilization on CB were screened for their significance using a statistical tool namely, Plackett-Burman Design (PBD). The data revealed that the most efficient immobilization occurred on alkali treated CB in Sabouraud's dextrose broth of pH 7.0 by inoculating 5% of yeast inoculum without shaking at 30 °C. The immobilized cells yielded 0.554 IU/ml of pectinase that was much higher than was obtained from the free cells (0.215 IU/ml). The parameters affecting pectinase production were also studied using PBD and it was found that the optimum conditions for the pectinase production by immobilized cells include 25 °C temperature, pH 7, 2 pieces of CB with immobilized cells, 48 h incubation time period and mineral salt medium containing 1% pectin and 1% yeast extract under static conditions. The titers obtained under optimized conditions were 12 times higher than was obtained by the free cells. Furthermore, the immobilized cells retained 70% of the productivity up to third production cycle. This study, therefore, explores the possible biotechnological application of CB for the immobilization of yeast strain for the subsequent production of an industrially important enzyme.

Statistical optimization of immobilization of yeast cells on corncob for pectinase production

The aim of this study was to assess the mixed combination of coffee pulp waste (CPW) and pineapple waste (PW) residues for cellulase production using newly isolated Acinetobacter sp. TSK-MASC in solid state fermentation. Response surface methodology based Box–Behnken design (BBD) was employed to optimize variables such as pH, incubation time, concentrations of CPW and PW. The BBD design investigation showed a sound adjustment of the quadratic model with the experimental statistics. Statistics based 3-D plots were generated to evaluate the changes in the response surface and to understand the relationship between the enzyme yield and culture parameters. The higher production (888 U mL−1) was achieved after 60 h of incubation with 3.0 g L−1 of CPW and PW at pH 7.0.

Munisamy Govindharaju

Papers

Process optimization of cellulase production from alkali-treated coffee pulp and pineapple waste using Acinetobacter sp. TSK-MASC