Adopted values for the reduced electric quadrupole transition probability, B(E2)↑, from the ground state to the first-excited 2+ state of even–even nuclides are given in Table I. Values of τ, the mean life of the 2+ state; E, the energy; and β, the quadrupole deformation parameter, are also listed there. The ratio of β to the value expected from the single-particle model is presented. The intrinsic quadrupole moment, Q0, is deduced from the B(E2)↑ value. The product E×B(E2)↑ is expressed as a percentage of the energy-weighted total and isoscalar E2 sum-rule strengths.

Table II presents the data on which Table I is based, namely the experimental results for B(E2)↑ values with quoted uncertainties. Information is also given on the quantity measured and the method used. The literature has been covered to November 2000.

The adopted B(E2)↑ values are compared in Table III with the values given by systematics and by various theoretical models. Predictions of unmeasured B(E2)↑ values are also given in Table III.

Transition probability from the ground to the first-excited 2^+ state of even-even nuclides

Energy levels of A = 21−44 nuclei (V)

The effective interaction GXPF1 for shell-model calculations in the full $pf$ shell is tested in detail from various viewpoints such as binding energies, electromagnetic moments and transitions, and excitation spectra. The semimagic structure is successfully described for $N$ or $Z=28$ nuclei, $^{53}\mathrm{Mn}$, $^{54}\mathrm{Fe}$, $^{55}\mathrm{Co}$, and $^{56,57,58,59}\mathrm{Ni}$, suggesting the existence of significant core excitations in low-lying nonyrast states as well as in high spin yrast states. The results of $N=Z$ odd-odd nuclei, $^{54}\mathrm{Co}$ and $^{58}\mathrm{Cu}$, also confirm the reliability of GXPF1 interaction in the isospin dependent properties. Studies of shape coexistence suggest an advantage of Monte Carlo shell model over conventional calculations in cases where full-space calculations still remain too large to be practical.

https://people.nscl.msu.edu/~brown/brown-all-papers/320-2004-PhysRevC.69.034335.pdf

New effective interaction for pf-shell nuclei and its implications for the stability of the N = Z = 28 closed core

Shell model study of the isobaric chains A=50, A=51 and A=52

The nucleus is one of the most multifaceted many-body systems in the Universe. It exhibits a multitude of responses depending on the way one ''probes'' it. With increasing technical advancements of beams at the various accelerators and of detection systems the nucleus has, over and over again, surprised us by expressing always new ways of ''organized'' structures and layers of complexity. Nuclear magnetism is one of those fascinating faces of the atomic nucleus discussed in the present review. We shall not just limit ourselves to presenting the by now large data set that has been obtained in the past two decades using various probes, electromagnetic and hadronic alike and that presents ample evidence for a low-lying orbital scissors mode around 3 MeV, albeit fragmented over an energy interval of the order of 1.5 MeV, and higher-lying spin-flip strength in the energy region 5-9 MeV in deformed nuclei nor to the presently discovered evidence for low-lying proton-neutron isovector quadrupole excitations in spherical nuclei. To the contrary, the experimental evidence is put in the perspectives of understanding the atomic nucleus and its various structures of well-organized modes of motion and thus enlarges the discussion to more general fermion and bosonic many-body systems.

/pdf/magnetic-dipole-excitations-in-nuclei-elementary-modes-of-1lz9bk3at0.pdf

Magnetic dipole excitations in nuclei: Elementary modes of nucleonic motion

The hyperfine dynamic field acting on fast ions traversing polarized iron foils has been measured as a function of the ion velocity in the region 0.03

Velocity dependence of the dynamic magnetic field acting on swift O and Sm ions

The g factors of ${2}_{1}^{+},$ ${4}_{1}^{+},$ and ${2}_{2}^{+}$ states in the stable ${}^{130,132,134,136}\mathrm{Xe}$ isotopes have been measured via projectile Coulomb excitation in inverse kinematics in combination with the transient field technique. The results show a steady decrease in ${g(2}_{1}^{+})$ as the number of neutron holes increases in the lighter nuclei below the closed $N=82$ neutron shell. The g factors of the ${4}_{1}^{+}$ states in ${}^{132,134}\mathrm{Xe}$ are consistently larger than the g factors of the ${2}_{1}^{+}$ states, a characteristic of proton excitation. The g factors of the ${2}_{1}^{+},$ ${4}_{1}^{+},$ and ${2}_{2}^{+}$ states in ${}^{130}\mathrm{Xe}$ are approximately equal as would be expected for vibrational excitations.

Evidence for Proton Excitations in 130,132,134,136 Xe Isotopes from Measurements of g Factors of 2 + 1 and 4 + 1 States

ELECTROMAGNETIC TRANSITION RATES IN $sup 58$Ni.

Effective g factors and proton-boson numbers in the vicinity of proton subshell closures

Following Coulomb excitation of the radioactive ion beam (RIB) $^{132}\mathrm{Te}$ at HRIBF we report the first use of the recoil-in-vacuum (RIV) method to determine the $g$ factor of the ${2}_{1}^{+}$ state: $g(973.9\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{keV}\text{ }{2}^{+}\text{ }^{132}\mathrm{Te})=(+)0.35(5)$. The advantages offered by the RIV method in the context of RIBs and modern detector arrays are discussed.

/pdf/first-nuclear-moment-measurement-with-radioactive-beams-by-1it69sput2.pdf

N. Benczer-Koller

Papers

Velocity dependence of the dynamic magnetic field acting on swift O and Sm ions

Evidence for Proton Excitations in 130,132,134,136 Xe Isotopes from Measurements of g Factors of 2 + 1 and 4 + 1 States

ELECTROMAGNETIC TRANSITION RATES IN $sup 58$Ni.

Effective g factors and proton-boson numbers in the vicinity of proton subshell closures

First nuclear moment measurement with radioactive beams by the recoil-in-vacuum technique: the g factor of the 2+1 state in 132Te.