다중혈관 관상동맥 환자에서 y-문합을 이용하여 양쪽 내흉동맥만을 사용한 우회술의 조기 성적

Reactive oxygen species and antioxidant machinery in abiotic stress tolerance in crop plants

Soil Chemical Analysis

BIOE 402. Medical Technology Assessment. 2 or 3 hours. Bioentrepreneur course. Assessment of medical technology in the context of commercialization. Objectives, competition, market share, funding, pricing, manufacturing, growth, and intellectual property; many issues unique to biomedical products. Course Information: 2 undergraduate hours. 3 graduate hours. Prerequisite(s): Junior standing or above and consent of the instructor.

“Bioinformatics” 특집을 내면서

Impatti, adattamento e vulnerabilita Le cause e le responsabilita dei cambiamenti climatici sono state trattate sul numero di ottobre della rivista Cda. Approfondiamo l’argomento presentando il documento: “Cambiamenti climatici 2007: impatti, adattamento e vulnerabilita” votato ad aprile 2007 dal secondo gruppo di lavoro del Comitato Intergovernativo sui Cambiamenti Climatici (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change). Si tratta del secondo di tre documenti che compongono il quarto rapporto sui cambiamenti climatici.

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Climate Change 2007: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability.

Molecular Chaperone: Structure, Function, and Role in Plant Abiotic Stress Tolerance

Ethylene is the simplest unsaturated two-carbon gaseous plant hormone which regulates many physiological and developmental processes during plant growth at molecular level. High ethylene concentration, produced by virtually all higher plants under abiotic stresses such as drought, salinity, etc., acts as stress hormone which detrimentally affects the plant root growth, seed germination, and the whole plant growth. Under abiotic stresses like salinity and drought, the endogenous level of ethylene is enhanced substantially due to increased production of its immediate biochemical precursor, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC), and it shows major contribution in stress ethylene production under such type of stress conditions. Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) around the plant root surface or in the roots having a potent enzyme ACC-deaminase maintain ethylene level in plants under adverse environmental conditions (severe drought and high salinity) by the enzymatic degradation of ACC into α-ketobutyrate and ammonia as a carbon and nitrogen source. The use of PGPB containing ACC-deaminase as a bio-inoculant is a most powerful technique in agricultural biotechnology for sustainable crop production in terms of decreasing the detrimental effect of high ethylene concentration and improving growth and development of plants under extreme environmental conditions. In this chapter we endeavor to explore current research on maintaining the physiological and molecular changes in the plants under diverse environmental conditions (drought and high salinity) by the use of PGPB having ACC-deaminase, mode of ACC-deaminase enzyme action, and severe effects of salinity and drought on growth of plant special due to ethylene evolution.

Bacterial ACC-deaminase: An Eco-friendly Strategy to Cope Abiotic Stresses for Sustainable Agriculture

Floral malformation is the most destructive disease in mangoes. To date, the etiology of this disease has not been resolved. There are indications that stress-stimulated ethylene production might be responsible for the disease. Putrescine mediates various physiological processes for normal functioning and cellular metabolism. Here, the effect of putrescine in concentration ranging from 10−1 to 10−3 M was evaluated on disease incidence during mango flowering seasons of 2012 and 2013. In a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) study, putrescine (10−2 M)-treated malformed floral buds bloomed into opened flowers with separated sepals and/or petals like healthy, whereas the untreated (control) malformed buds remained deformed. Further, malformed flowers recovered upon putrescine treatment, displaying clearly bilobed anthers, enclosing a large number of normal pollen grains and functional ovary with broad stigmatic surface as compared to control. The present findings provide the first report to demonstrate the role of putrescine in reducing various adverse effects of stress ethylene via decelerating the higher pace of its biosynthesis. It stabilizes the normal morphology, development, and functions of malformed reproductive organs to facilitate successful pollination, fertilization, and, thereby, fruit set in mango flowers. However, putrescine–ethylene-mediated cell signaling network, involving various genes to trigger the response, which regulates a wide range of developmental and physiological processes leading to normal cell physiology, needs to be investigated further.

First evidence of putrescine involvement in mitigating the floral malformation in mangoes: A scanning electron microscope study

Helicases play crucial role in almost all the nucleic acid metabolism including replication, repair, recombination, transcription, translation, ribosome biogenesis and splicing and these processes regulate plant growth and development. It is suggested that helicases play essential roles in stabilizing growth in plants under stress because their presence in the stress-induced ORFs has been identified. Moreover in a recent study we have reported that SUV3 helicase from Oryza sativa (OsSUV3) functions in salinity stress tolerance in transgenic rice by improving the antioxidant machinery. SUV3 helicase has been identified and characterized from yeast and human systems but the properties and functions of plant SUV3 are poorly understood. In this study, the purification and extensive characterization of recombinant OsSUV3 protein (67 kDa) is presented. OsSUV3 binds to DNA and RNA and exhibits DNA as well as RNA-dependent ATPase activities. It also contains the characteristic DNA and RNA helicase activity. OsSUV3 can use mainly ATP or dATP as energy source for the unwinding activity and it cannot unwind the blunt-end duplex DNA substrate. It is interesting to note that OsSUV3 unwinds DNA in both the 5'-3' and 3'-5 directions and thus its activity is bipolar in vitro. The Km values of OsSUV3 are 0.51 nM and 0.95 nM for DNA helicase and RNA helicase, respectively. This study is the first direct evidence to show the bipolar DNA helicase activity of OsSUV3 protein. The unique properties of OsSUV3 including its dual helicase activity imply that it could be a multifunctional protein involved in biologically significant process of DNA and RNA metabolisms. These results should make significant contribution towards better understanding of SUV3 protein in plants.

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Narendra Tuteja

Papers

Molecular Chaperone: Structure, Function, and Role in Plant Abiotic Stress Tolerance

Bacterial ACC-deaminase: An Eco-friendly Strategy to Cope Abiotic Stresses for Sustainable Agriculture

First evidence of putrescine involvement in mitigating the floral malformation in mangoes: A scanning electron microscope study

Rice SUV3 is a bidirectional helicase that binds both DNA and RNA

Unraveling the importance of EF-hand mediated calcium signaling in plants