O.L. Gamborg

TL;DR: Addition of citrate (5 mM) relieved the inhibitory effects of ammonium in soybean and wheat cells but not in the Haplopappus cells, and higher cell yields were obtained when ammonium (2 mM) or glutamine also was present.

TL;DR: Interspecific and intergeneric fusions of plant protoplasts were induced by polyethylene glycol (PEG) 1540 or 4000 and nuclear fusion and true hybrid formation usually occurred during the first mitotic division after protoplast fusion.

TL;DR: Protoplasts from mesophyll cells of rape plants isolated by enzymatic removal of cell walls in an osmoticum consisting of sorbitol and mannitol were isolated and induced to differentiate and to form complete plants.

TL;DR: Soybean cell suspension cultures grew on defined media with ammonium as the sole nitrogen source if Krebs cycle acids were added, and ammonium enhanced the activity of glutamate dehydrogenase.

TL;DR: Callus formation and shoot production occurred within 4 to 6 weeks in defined media containing 0.2 to 5.0 μM benzyladenine and 1 μM naphthaleneacetic acid while most callus produced one or more shoots at high frequency, root formation did not occur regularly.