Helichrysum petiolare (Asteraceae family) is part of the Helichrysum genus which comprises of an estimated 600 species. Several parts of the plant have been used traditionally for the treatment of various ailments, such as cough, infection, asthma, chest problems, diabetes and wounds. Given its various chemical constituents with anticancer properties, there has been no scientific evidence of its usage for the treatment of cancer. This study aims to investigate the anti-proliferative and genotoxic activities of H. petiolare methanol extract. The cytotoxic effect and cell cycle analysis of mouse melanoma cells (B16F10) and human melanoma cells (MeWo) were assessed using the ImageXpress Micro XLS Widefield High-Content Analysis System. The genotoxic potential of the extract towards Vero cells was also assessed using the micronucleus assay. The extract displayed cytotoxicity towards B16F10 and MeWo skin melanoma cells, thereby showing a dose-dependent decrease in cell density. This was preceded by cell cycle arrest in B16F10 cells at the S phase and MeWo cell arrest at the early M phase with a significant increase in apoptosis in both cells. Furthermore, the extract displayed genotoxic potential at the tested concentrations (12.5–200 μg/mL). Overall, the results revealed that H. petiolare extract may have the potential to eradicate skin cancer.

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Anti-proliferative and genotoxic activities of the Helichrysum petiolare Hilliard & B.L. Burtt.

In this investigation, an attempt has been made to study the anticancer potential of ethanolic extract of Excoecaria agallocha (EEEA) leaves in terms of their restoration of altered antioxidant status in human breast cancer (MCF-7) cell line. The MCF-7 cell line which was primarily passaged was used for this study. Approximately 4 × 10 5 cells in each well were divided into four groups and the following treatments were given. Group-I control cells without any treatment, group-II cells were treated with EEEA 25 µg/ml, and group–III cells were treated with EEEA 50µg/ml, respectively. Group-IV cells were treated with doxorubicin (10µg/ml), the positive control used in this study. The treated cells were incubated at 37°C for 24 hours in a CO 2 incubator. The enzymatic antioxidants such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and glutathione peroxidase (GP X ) as well as non-enzymatic antioxidants such as glutathione, vitamin E, and vitamin C were estimated in the treated MCF-7 cells at the end of incubation. In this study, there was a significant ( p < 0.05) increase in CAT and glutathione levels and a decrease in vitamin C, vitamin E, and SOD, GR, GST, and GP X levels in the untreated MCF-7 cells. It can be concluded that the ethanolic extract of EEEA leaf exert its anticancer activity by modulating the antioxidant enzymes.

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Anti-proliferative potentials of Excoecaria agallocha Leaf extract in human breast cancer cell line- an antioxidant enzyme approach

Objectif : Cette etude vise a identifier des groupes phytochimiques et a evaluer l’activite antioxydante de 53 plantes utilisees en medecine traditionnelle a Bagira dans le traitement de la malaria.Methode : Le criblage phytochimique s’est effectue par des reactions classiques en solution, et l’activite antioxydante a utilise la methode in vitro au DPPH.Resultats : Le criblage chimique a permis d’identifier des metabolites secondaires a potentiel a la fois antimalarique et antioxydant comme des coumarines, des saponines, des steroides, des tanins et des terpenoides dans plus de 70 % des plantes. Le criblage antioxydant a revele pour la premiere fois l’activite antioxydante de 17 plantes parmi lesquelles Dalbergia katangensis, Dialium angolense et Solanecio cydoniifolius avec des CI50 inferieures ou egales a 1,6 μg/ml presentent les activites antioxydantes les plus elevees de la serie.Conclusion : Cette etude montre que parmi les plantes reputees antimalariques a Bagira (RDC) plusieurs possedent un pouvoir antioxydant et contiennent des groupes presumes a la fois antioxydants et antimalariques. Elle suggere que les etudes ulterieures se poursuivent en vue d’isoler les composes responsables de l’activite prouvee.

Activité antioxydante de 53 plantes réputées antimalariques en République Démocratique du Congo

An ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used by the Tay ethnic group in Thai Nguyen province, Vietnam has been carried out in the present study, especially in the region of Định Hoá, Phú Lương, and Võ Nhai districts. The ethnobotanical survey was conducted between 2018 and 2021 and a catalog of the medicinal plant used by the Tay ethnic group is prepared. The results of the current survey revealed that the plants used by Tay ethnic group consist of 321 species belonging to 253 genera and 103 botanical families. Majority of the plants belonging the family Euphorbiaceae (20 species), Asteraceae (19 species), Acanthaceae and Rutaceae (13 species each), Fabaceae (12 species), and Poaceae (11 species). Leaves were the most frequently used plant part (48.0%) in the preparation of medicines. The most frequent preparation method was decoction (47.7%), followed by crushing (29.9%), sauna (18.0), pickle wine (11.8%), and raw (5.6%). The major plant used by Tay ethnic people were Schefflera heptaphylla (L.) Frodin and Plantago major L., (2); Elephantopus scaber L. and Achyranthes aspera L.; Streblus asper Lour. We also carried out screening of some of the medicinal plant extracts for their biological activities especially the inhibition of cancer cell lines. 

Medicinal Plants Used by the Tay Ethnic Group, Thai Nguyen Province, Vietnam

Background: At present, Mangrove plants have gained importance in drug discovery due to the presence of many phytomolecules of medicinal importance. Excoecaria agallocha is widely distributed medicinal mangrove which has been traditionally used to treat sores, ulcers, and leprosy. Objective: The aim of the present study is to analyze the cytotoxic potential of Exoecaria agallocha leaves in terms of its antiproliferative activity, apoptosis induction, and cell cycle arrest in the breast cancer MCF-7 cell lines. Materials and Methods: The ant proliferative nature of the EEEA extract was determined by direct microscopic observation as well as 3-(4, 5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2, 5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay by employing the different concentrations of the plant extract, and the IC50 values were calculated. Apoptosis-inducing potential was determined by double staining with acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining method and further confirmed by annexin V staining. Flow cytometry was performed with IC50 concentration of EEEA drug treated MCF-7 cells to determine arresting stage in the cell cycle progression. Results: There was a significant cytotoxic activity exhibited by the ethanolic extract of E. agallocha leaves (EEEA) in the direct microscopic as well as MTT assay with IC50 value of 56.5 μg/ml. Well prominent fluorescent microscopic images of morphological changes in the double staining method indicate the apoptotic potential of the extract which was further confirmed by annexin V staining. Suppression of cell cycle progression at subG1 and G1/G2 phases were also evidenced in the flow cytometry analysis. Conclusion: From the above results, it may be concluded that the ethanolic leaf extract of E. agallocha (EEEA)-induced apoptosis mediated cytotoxic and antiproliferative activity in the breast cancer MCF-7 cell lines which can be developed into a new drug for treating breast cancer.

Effect of ethanolic extract of Excoecaria agallocha leaves on the cytotoxic activity and cell cycle arrest of human breast cancer cell lines – MCF-7

A comparative antioxidant and anticancer potential of methanolic and ethanolic extracts of leaves of Carica papaya were investigated. Both the plant extracts were prepared separately, and their anti-oxidant scavenging potential was investigated for the scavenging of superoxide, nitric oxide and hydrogen peroxide radicals using standard protocols. The anticancer property of these plant extracts was evaluated in PA-1 cell lines using tryptan blue assay. The total phenols and flavonoids contents responsible for the above said activities were estimated quantitatively. Among the two extracts, the ethanolic extract scavenged the free radicals to a greater extent when compared to the methanolic extract. Similarly, in the tryptan blue exclusion assay, the percentage of cell death was more for ethanolic extract. At high concentrations such as 50, 75 and 100 μg concentrations, the ethanolic extract showed higher cell death which was comparable to the positive drug doxrubicidin used in the present study. Both the extracts possessed considerable quantities of phenols and flavonoids. It may be concluded that the presence phytochemicals along with the phenols and flavonoids may be the reason for the antioxidant and anticancer activity observed in the present study.

Free radicals scavenging and antiproliferative activity of ethanolic and methanolic extracts of Carica papaya leaves in PA-1 cell line

The plant derived compounds possess several medicinal property including anticancer activities. In the present investigation molecular docking analysis was performed to identify a suitable antagonistic ligand from the phyto ligands of Carica pappya leaves which can inhibit the tumor progressive proteins PIK3CA, BCL 2. The molecular Docking analysis was performed using Autodock 4.2. The protein PIK3CA, BCL 2 structures were retrieved from PDB, and by GC-MS analysis the phyto molecules were identified. The ligand chemical structures were drawn using Chem sketch. The enzyme and ligand interaction were obtained as docking score using the Arguslabs server. Based on the docking score the best ligand was selected from the phyto constituents of Carica papaya ethanolic leaf extract and their inhibitory potential was analyzed in terms of their interactions with the amino acid residues present in the active site which were visualized and further confirmed by PYMOL. The standard drug Doxorubicin was also subjected to docking for comparison in the present study. Based on the docking score the phytochemicals namely Hexadecanoic acid, ethyl ester, Coumarine 3-(2,4-dinitrophenol), Androst-4-en-3-one,17-methoxy, 3-methoxime serves as the best antagonistic ligand in terms of their interaction with amino acids as well as inhibition of the particular tumour progressive proteins.

Palaniyandi Thiruvanavukkarasu

Papers

Effect of ethanolic extract of Excoecaria agallocha leaves on the cytotoxic activity and cell cycle arrest of human breast cancer cell lines – MCF-7

Free radicals scavenging and antiproliferative activity of ethanolic and methanolic extracts of Carica papaya leaves in PA-1 cell line

Anticancer Activity of Phyto Ligands from Carica papaya Leaves by Suppression of PI3CKA and BCL2 Proteins- An insilico Approach