Deposits of clastic carbonate-dominated (calciclastic) sedimentary slope systems in the rock record have been identified mostly as linearly-consistent carbonate apron deposits, even though most ancient clastic carbonate slope deposits fit the submarine fan systems better. Calciclastic submarine fans are consequently rarely described and are poorly understood. Subsequently, very little is known especially in mud-dominated calciclastic submarine fan systems. Presented in this study are a sedimentological core and petrographic characterisation of samples from eleven boreholes from the Lower Carboniferous of Bowland Basin (Northwest England) that reveals a >250 m thick calciturbidite complex deposited in a calciclastic submarine fan setting. Seven facies are recognised from core and thin section characterisation and are grouped into three carbonate turbidite sequences. They include: 1) Calciturbidites, comprising mostly of highto low-density, wavy-laminated bioclast-rich facies; 2) low-density densite mudstones which are characterised by planar laminated and unlaminated muddominated facies; and 3) Calcidebrites which are muddy or hyper-concentrated debrisflow deposits occurring as poorly-sorted, chaotic, mud-supported floatstones. These

Phd by thesis

I have developed "tennis elbow" from lugging this book around the past four weeks, but it is worth the pain, the effort, and the aspirin. It is also worth the (relatively speaking) bargain price. Including appendixes, this book contains 894 pages of text. The entire panorama of the neural sciences is surveyed and examined, and it is comprehensive in its scope, from genomes to social behaviors. The editors explicitly state that the book is designed as "an introductory text for students of biology, behavior, and medicine," but it is hard to imagine any audience, interested in any fragment of neuroscience at any level of sophistication, that would not enjoy this book. The editors have done a masterful job of weaving together the biologic, the behavioral, and the clinical sciences into a single tapestry in which everyone from the molecular biologist to the practicing psychiatrist can find and appreciate his or

Principles of Neural Science

BIOE 402. Medical Technology Assessment. 2 or 3 hours. Bioentrepreneur course. Assessment of medical technology in the context of commercialization. Objectives, competition, market share, funding, pricing, manufacturing, growth, and intellectual property; many issues unique to biomedical products. Course Information: 2 undergraduate hours. 3 graduate hours. Prerequisite(s): Junior standing or above and consent of the instructor.

“Bioinformatics” 특집을 내면서

Department of Materials Science, University of Patras, 26504 Rio Patras, Greece, Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vass. Constantinou Avenue, 116 35 Athens, Greece, Institut de Biologie Moleculaire et Cellulaire, UPR9021 CNRS, Immunologie et Chimie Therapeutiques, 67084 Strasbourg, France, and Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Universita di Trieste, Piazzale Europa 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy

Chemistry of Carbon Nanotubes

Engineered nanoparticles have the potential to revolutionize the diagnosis and treatment of many diseases; for example, by allowing the targeted delivery of a drug to particular subsets of cells. However, so far, such nanoparticles have not proved capable of surmounting all of the biological barriers required to achieve this goal. Nevertheless, advances in nanoparticle engineering, as well as advances in understanding the importance of nanoparticle characteristics such as size, shape and surface properties for biological interactions, are creating new opportunities for the development of nanoparticles for therapeutic applications. This Review focuses on recent progress important for the rational design of such nanoparticles and discusses the challenges to realizing the potential of nanoparticles.

Strategies in the design of nanoparticles for therapeutic applications

The invention belongs to the technical field of biological detection, and more specifically relates to a fluorescent quantitative PCR primer, a probe, a kit, and a method used for detecting CVB3. Thenucleotide sequence of the fluorescent quantitative PCR primer is B3-F:5'-ccattcaaggtccgagtca-3', B3-R:5'-gcttgtcgtggtgttaatac-3'; the nucleotide sequence of the probe is B3:5' agagaacttcctatgtaggtcagc-3', the kit comprises the primer and the probe. The kit is used for indicating the existing of amplification products through the specific binding of the fluorescent labeled probe with virus targetsequences, can be used for detecting whether CVB3 exists, and can be used for calculating virus copy number values based on gradient standard substance reference; the accuracy is high, and the sensitivity is high.

Fluorescent quantitative PCR primer, probe, kit, and method used for detecting CVB3

Resin embedding of multi-color labeled whole organs is the primary step to preserve structural information for visualization of fine structures in three dimensions. It is essential to study the morphological characteristics, spatial and positional relationships of the millions of neurons, and the intricate network of blood vessels with fluorescent labels in the brain. However, the current resin embedding method is inadequate because of incompatibilities with fluorescent dyes, making it difficult to reconstruct a variety of structures for the interpretation of their complex spatial relationships. We modified the resin embedding method for large biological tissues labeled with multiple fluorescent dyes and proteins through different labeling strategies. With TrueBlack as the background fluorescence inhibitor in the glycol methacrylate (GMA) embedding, we referred to the method as GMA-T (Glycol methacrylate with TB). In the GMA-T embedded mouse brains, structures labeled with fluorescent proteins and dyes were visualized in millimeter-scale networks with sub-cellular resolution, allowing quantitative analysis of different anatomical structures in the same brain, including neurons and blood vessels. In combination with high-resolution whole-brain imaging, it is possible to obtain a variety of fluorescence labeled structures in just a few days. We quantified the distribution and morphology of the tdTomato-labeled vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) neurons and the BSA-FITC labeled blood vessels in the same brain. These results demonstrated that VIP neurons and blood vessels have their own unique distribution patterns and morphological characteristics among cortical regions and different layers in cerebral cortex, and there was no significant correlation between VIP neurons and vessels. This approach provides a novel approach to study the interaction among different anatomical structures within large-volume biological samples labeled with multiple fluorescent dyes and proteins, which helps elucidating the complex anatomical characteristics of biological organs.

Plastic embedding for precise imaging of large-scale biological tissues labeled with multiple fluorescent dyes and proteins.

The utility model discloses a capillary electrophoresis-multi photon excitation fluorescence column detecting instrument, including a semiconductor laser, an objective lens, a photomultiplier, a dichroic beam combiner, a band pass filter, a reflecting mirror, a platinum electrode, a direct current high voltage supply source, a first buffer pool, a second buffer pool and a column detector. A Teflon pipe is adopted by the column detector to connect a square capillary with a round capillary. And the round capillary is used for separation (the separation effect of the square capillary is proved by experiment to be not better than the round one). The square capillary is used for column detection. The column detection is realized by the combination of the square capillary used for fluorescence column detection and the round capillary used for separation. Traditional experimental equipment is simplified. The experimental equipment cost is lowered. The complex operation of a post-column detection mode is simplified. And the detection sensitivity is improved.

Capillary tube electrophoresis-multiphoton fluorescence excitation column detecting instrument

Benzisothiazdone, a kind of safe and effective ketone containing heterocycle, was introduced as an enhancer to
investigate the effect on optical clearing of the piglet skin with and without stratum corneum in vitro. The skin samples
were treated with different agents, such as, pure polyethyleneglycol 400, mixed solution (benzisothiazdone combining
with polyethyleneglycol 400) and isotonic saline. The total transmittance of samples was monitored by a single
integrating sphere system. The results show that the saline does not affect the rate of optical clearing obviously. For the
sample with stratum corneum, single optical clearing agent such as PEG400 penetrates slowly because of the barrier
function of SC. The stratum corneum makes the effect of optical clearing on the sample inconspicuous. In contrast, the
mixed solution can damage the barrier function of SC to some extent. For the sample without stratum corneum, an
obvious increase in the rate of optical clearing is in the single PEG400 administration stage, this effect will be more
remarkable if the Benzisothiazdone was used as an enhancer. We can conclude that SC can prevent skin from effecting
of single OCA, but the barrier will become weaker if right immersion agent is adopted as the enhancer.

Stratum corneum: a barrier of skin resistants light

Multiphoton excited fluorescence detection is a powerful tool for probing chemistry and structure deep within biological tissue, for performing sensitive measurement on deep-UV (ex 200-300 nm) specimen. We present an approach for rapid analysis of Rhodamine B using multiphoton excited fluorescence detection coupled to capillary electrophoresis separations. In this highly versatile approach, Rhodamine B is excited through the nearly simultaneous absorption of two low-energy photons, fluorescence can be detected efficiently with low background. In these studies, Rhodamine B is fractionated in several minutes, with mass detection limits as low as 10 amol (2nM). This approach is demonstrated to be a powerful tool for analyzing the complex biological samples of minute quantities.

Qingming Luo

Papers

Fluorescent quantitative PCR primer, probe, kit, and method used for detecting CVB3

Plastic embedding for precise imaging of large-scale biological tissues labeled with multiple fluorescent dyes and proteins.

Capillary tube electrophoresis-multiphoton fluorescence excitation column detecting instrument

Stratum corneum: a barrier of skin resistants light

High-sensitivity detection of capillary electrophoresis with multiphoton excitation