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R. F. L. James

Researcher at Leicester Royal Infirmary

Publications -  43
Citations -  2377

R. F. L. James is an academic researcher from Leicester Royal Infirmary. The author has contributed to research in topics: Islet & Transplantation. The author has an hindex of 23, co-authored 43 publications receiving 2335 citations.

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DO CD4-POSITIVE CYTOTOXIC T CELLS DAMAGE ISLET β CELLS IN TYPE 1 DIABETES?

TL;DR: The results show that a CD4-positive T cell clone can lyse HLA class II matched islet cells; this process may be important in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes.
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Glucose stimulates translocation of the homeodomain transcription factor PDX1 from the cytoplasm to the nucleus in pancreatic beta-cells

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that glucose regulates the insulin gene promoter through activation and nuclear translocation of PDX1 via the SAPK2 pathway.
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Loss of Functional KATP Channels in Pancreatic Beta-Cells Causes Persistent Hyperinsulinemic Hypoglycemia of Infancy

TL;DR: It is shown here that insulinsecreting cells from a homogeneous group of five infants with PHHI lack ATP–sensitive K+ channel (KATP) activity, and PHHI β–cells are spontaneously electrically active with high basal cytosolic Ca2+ concentrations due to Ca2- influx.
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The p38/reactivating kinase mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade mediates the activation of the transcription factor insulin upstream factor 1 and insulin gene transcription by high glucose in pancreatic beta-cells.

TL;DR: The results indicate that high glucose activates SAPK2 by a novel mechanism in which a wortmannin/LY 294002-sensitive component plays an essential role and activates IUF1 indirectly by activating a novel IUF 1-activating enzyme.