Showing papers in "Journal of Biological Chemistry in 1997"

TL;DR: The main determinants required for Tat translocation within this sequence are delineated by synthesizing several peptides covering the Tat domain from residues 37 to 60 and the domain extending from amino acid 37 to 47, which corresponds to the α-helix structure, is not required for cellular uptake and for nuclear translocation.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors used a positional scanning substrate combinatorial library to rigorously define individual specificities of the Caspase (interleukin-1beta converting enzyme/CED-3) family of cysteine proteases and the cytotoxic lymphocyte-derived serine protease granzyme B.

TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that LDL modification induced by cells appeared to be a biologically plausible modification of LDL that could account for foam cell formation and the initiation, or at least acceleration, of the atherosclerotic process.

TL;DR: Findings strongly suggest that the hypoxia induced changes in HIF-1alpha stability and subsequent gene activation are mediated by redox-induced changes.

TL;DR: It is proposed that leptin serves as an “adipostat,” informing the body of the status of energy storage in the adipose tissue so that appropriate changes in appetite, metabolism, and nutrient partitioning can be signaled via the leptin receptor.

TL;DR: The data provide evidence for a new hormonal signaling pathway that activates transcription in response to oxysterols and suggest that LXRs play a critical role in the regulation of cholesterol homeostasis.

TL;DR: This work determined that high level expression of PPARγ in colon warrants further study in view of the well established role of fatty acid and arachidonic acid derivatives in colonic disease and its promoters and tissue-specific expression were functionally characterized.

TL;DR: This review will describe only aspects of the biology of oxygen radicals that currently engage the interest of the writer and Hopefully they will also be of interest to the reader.

TL;DR: In this paper, the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in epidermal growth factor (EGF) signaling was investigated, and the dependence of H2O2 production on the intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity of the EGF receptor and the autophosphorylation sites located in its COOH-terminal tail was investigated.

TL;DR: Protofibrils appeared during the polymerization of Abeta-(1-40), Abeta-1-42, and Abeta)-Gln22, peptides associated with both sporadic and inherited forms of Alzheimer's disease, suggesting that protofibril formation may be a general phenomenon in Abeta fibrillogenesis.

TL;DR: It is shown that indomethacin binds and activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), a ligand-activated transcription factor known to play a pivotal role in adipogenesis, and several other NSAIDs are also PPARγ ligands and induce adipocyte differentiation of C3H10T1/2 cells.

TL;DR: A role for this TNF-related ligand in the regulation of the T cell-dependent immune response is suggested.

TL;DR: The results indicate that PI3-K activity is required for translocation of PKB to the plasma membrane, where its activation occurs through phosphorylation of the same sites that are induced by insulin or IGF-1.

TL;DR: These studies suggest that inhibitors of cytokine-inducible IκBα phosphorylation exert anti-inflammatory activity in vivo.

TL;DR: The Caveolin-scaffolding domain is used as a receptor to select random peptide ligands from phage display libraries and it is found that the scaffolding domains of caveolins 1 and 3 both recognize the same peptide and protein ligands, whereas the corresponding domain within caveolin-2 fails to recognize these ligands under the same conditions.

TL;DR: A proliferation of techniques has resulted in the confirmation of the early hypotheses and also delivered some surprises in the study of DNA oxidation, and some of the most interesting recent results are outlined.

TL;DR: It is suggested that MT1-MMP plays a dual role in pathophysiological digestion of extracellular matrix through direct cleavage of the substrates and activation of proMMP-2.

TL;DR: Differences and similarities are found between the enzymes that suggest a functional subgrouping of the caspase family different from that based on overall sequence alignment and the results suggest the design of optimal peptidic substrates and inhibitors.

TL;DR: OBRl is capable of signaling to IRS-1 and mitogen-activated protein kinase via JAK, in addition to activating STAT pathways, but these activities are of as yet unknown significance for leptin biology in vivo.

TL;DR: It is reported that NO prevents hepatocyte apoptosis initiated by the removal of growth factors or exposure to TNFα or anti-Fas antibody and by direct inhibition of caspase-3-like activity through proteinS-nitrosylation.

TL;DR: The hydrolysis of a minor membrane phospholipid, phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2), 1 by a specificospholipase C (PLC) is one of the earliest key events in the regulation of various cell functions by more than 100 extracellular signaling molecules.

TL;DR: In the presence of potent farnesyl protein transferase inhibitors, Ras proteins in the human colon carcinoma cell line DLD-1 were alternatively prenylated by geranylgeranyl transferase-1 and N- and K-Ras proteins incorporated the geranyl Geranyl isoprene group and remained associated with the membrane fraction.

TL;DR: Investigation of the transductional processes by which RAGE ligation transmits signals to the nuclei of cells suggests that RAGE-mediated induction of cellular oxidant stress triggers a cascade of intracellular signals involving p21 ras and MAP kinase, culminating in transcription factor activation.

TL;DR: The data demonstrate a novel functional role for Caveolin-1 in mammalian cells as a potential molecular chaperone that directly inactivates NOS and the inactivation of eNOS and nNOS by the scaffolding domain of caveolin-3 suggests that eN OS in cardiac myocytes and n NOS in skeletal muscle are likely subject to negative regulation by this muscle-specific caveolin isoform.

TL;DR: The potency and selectivity of 1400W inhibition of iNOS both in vitro and in vivo were far greater than of any previously described iN OS inhibitor.

TL;DR: It is reported that theMAPK cascade is required for hippocampal long term potentiation (LTP), a robust and widely studied form of synaptic plasticity, and the first demonstration of a role for the MAPK cascade in the activity-dependent modification of synaptic connections between neurons in the adult mammalian nervous system is provided.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated here that the delivery of copper to copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) is mediated through a soluble factor identified as Saccharomyces cerevisiae LYS7 and human CCS (copperchaperone for SOD).

TL;DR: The involvement of cPLA2 in lipid mediator production makes it a potentially important pharmacological target for anti-inflammatory drugs and its biochemical properties and regulation are focused on.

TL;DR: The results show that vanadate is a competitive inhibitor for the protein-tyrosine phosphatase PTP1B, with a Ki of 0.38 ± 0.02 μM, and reducing agents such as dithiothreitol that are used in PTP assays to keep the catalytic cysteine reduced and active were found to convert pervanadate rapidly toVanadate.