Nanoparticles: Properties, applications and toxicities

Solar Engineering Of Thermal Processes

This article reports on the International Nanofluid Property Benchmark Exercise, or INPBE, in which the thermal conductivity of identical samples of colloidally stable dispersions of nanoparticles or “nanofluids,” was measured by over 30 organizations worldwide, using a variety of experimental approaches, including the transient hot wire method, steady-state methods, and optical methods. The nanofluids tested in the exercise were comprised of aqueous and nonaqueous basefluids, metal and metal oxide particles, near-spherical and elongated particles, at low and high particle concentrations. The data analysis reveals that the data from most organizations lie within a relatively narrow band (±10% or less) about the sample average with only few outliers. The thermal conductivity of the nanofluids was found to increase with particle concentration and aspect ratio, as expected from classical theory. There are (small) systematic differences in the absolute values of the nanofluid thermal conductivity among the various experimental approaches; however, such differences tend to disappear when the data are normalized to the measured thermal conductivity of the basefluid. The effective medium theory developed for dispersed particles by Maxwell in 1881 and recently generalized by Nan et al. [J. Appl. Phys. 81, 6692 (1997)], was found to be in good agreement with the experimental data, suggesting that no anomalous enhancement of thermal conductivity was achieved in the nanofluids tested in this exercise.

A Benchmark Study on the Thermal Conductivity of Nanofluids

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Principles Of Enhanced Heat Transfer

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A review of the applications of phase change materials in cooling, heating and power generation in different temperature ranges

Solar air heaters are used to heat air for drying and space heating applications, however, the low heat transfer between air and absorber plate accounts for its low efficiency. In this paper, an experimental study of a staggered/longitudinal finned plate solar air heater (SLFPSAH) with a built-in aluminium sponge porous media as a sensible heat storage material is presented. The fins with the direction of airflow are arranged in a staggered manner by covering a length of 1.25 m, while the remaining 0.75 m is arranged with longitudinal fins. The parameters influencing the performance of the SLFPSAH are investigated with and without using a porous medium. These parameters include solar irradiance, the temperature difference of air through the heater, air temperature ratio, convective heat transfer coefficient, useful heat gain, daily energy efficiency, and exergy efficiency. Experiments are conducted under different air mass flow rates; namely, 0.0078, 0.01, 0.02, and 0.049 kg/s. The results revealed that the implementation of an aluminium sponge porous media over the absorber plate significantly increases the energetic and exergetic performances of the SLFPSAH. It is found that the average air temperature ratio, daily exergetic efficiency, and daily exergy efficiency of the SLFPSAH integrated aluminium sponge porous medium are about 11.52%, 3.97%, and 45.61% greater than that without the aluminium sponge porous medium, at airflow rate of 0.02, 0.049 kg/s, respectively. Moreover, the maximal increase in the convective heat transfer coefficient of the SLFPSAH integrated with aluminium sponge porous medium is more than 1.62 times that obtained with the SLFPSAH without porous media, at the same conditions. Thus, the SLFPSAH with an integrated aluminium sponge porous medium is an effective way to enhance the exergetic and energetic performances of solar air collectors for solar drying applications. 

Performance evaluation of a solar air heater with staggered/longitudinal finned absorber plate integrated with aluminium sponge porous medium

Multi-intractable analysis for alternative Diesel–Ethanol–Canola methyl ester ternary blend

Characteristics estimation of natural fibre reinforced plastic composites using deep multi-layer perceptron (MLP) technique.

Machining dust particles inside engine components result in decrease life time and increased wear and tear of other components. It is very essential to clean all machined parts before assembly to ensure better and longer functioning of all components. The project focus on deburring the crankshaft oil passage hole to a certain amount making sure no part engine of the engine is damaged. This process is carried step by step from analysing the cause to find a end result for the same. By making a minor design change in the nozzle of crankshaft washing machine.

Ravishankar Sathyamurthy

Papers

Performance evaluation of a solar air heater with staggered/longitudinal finned absorber plate integrated with aluminium sponge porous medium

Multi-intractable analysis for alternative Diesel–Ethanol–Canola methyl ester ternary blend

Characteristics estimation of natural fibre reinforced plastic composites using deep multi-layer perceptron (MLP) technique.

Deburring 3-cylinder IC engine crankshaft oil passage

Performance enhancement and emission reduction of CRDI diesel engine fueled using Manilkara Zapota biodiesel blend with TiO2 nanoadditive