Biological properties of “naked” metal nanoparticles

High resolution proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of biological fluids

Platinum(IV) antitumour compounds: their bioinorganic chemistry

Publisher Summary This chapter reviews that the analysis of biofluids provides a unique window into the biochemical status of a living organism since the composition of a given biofluid modulates according to the level of function of the cells that are intimately concerned with its manufacture and secretion. One of the most successful approaches to biofluid analysis has been the application of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and studies can be divided into those that are largely analytical or dynamic in nature. Analytical biofluid NMR studies are concerned primarily with the collection, assignment, and quantization of NMR spectra and their interpretation in biochemical terms. The chapter also explores that the types of dynamic interactions amenable to NMR study includes: enzymatic biotransformations, metal complexation reactions, binding of small molecules to macromolecules, cellular, and micellar compartmentation that occur in different biofluids to varying degrees. All biological fluids have their own characteristic physicochemical properties and these partly dictate the types of NMR experiment that may be employed to maximize the biochemical information from each fluid type. It also reviews that there are also two types of accessible information available in an NMR experiment on a biological fluid. These have been termed latent and patent biochemical information.

NMR Spectroscopy of Biofluids

https://www.jbc.org/content/273/24/14721.full.pdf

Cisplatin Binding Sites on Human Albumin

Reactions of L-methionine (L-MetH) with [PtX 4 ] 2- (X=Cl, Br, I) in 1:1 and 2:1 mole ratios have been studied in aqueous solutions at pHs from 1.9 to 8.7 using 1 H, 13 C, 15 N, and 195 Pt NMR spectroscopy. Some related reactions of L-ethionine, a methyl ester were also studied

Studies of platinum(II) methionine complexes : metabolites of cisplatin

I shall therefore refer to it as the Syllogistic Proof. What I want to suggest is that Aristotle does not use the Syllogistic Proof that he does not say what Ross and others attribute to him, and that it is not the meaning he intended to convey. There is one point at which he is sometimes regarded as saying it; at 1074b34 there occurs the sentence: "If it is best, it thinks itself, and the thinking is a thinking of thinking." But I hope to show that, in order to regard this as a simple statement of the Syllogistic Proof, one has to isolate it from its context; and to do so is to make nonsense of, and render superfluous, the whole chain of reasoning that leads up to it. Indeed, I think that in general one is entitled to ask why, if Aristotle meant what Ross and others have understood him to mean, he chose such a long and complicated way of saying it. A further point I wish to make is that this interpretation lends an air of unnecessary absurdity to the whole account. It suggests that the Prime Mover is a sort of heavenly Narcissus, who looks around for the perfection which he wishes to contemplate, finds nothing to rival his own self, and settles into a posture of permanent self-ad-

Aristotle's philosopher-God

The autoxidation and proton dissociation constants of tertiary diphosphines: relevance to biological activity.

Single pulse and Hahn spin-echo 400 and 500 MHz 1H NMR spectra from normal subjects and cancer patients are reported. No significant difference was found between the average —CH3 and —(CH2)n— lipoprotein linewidths of the two groups in contrast to a previous report. Such measurements are shown to be complicated by freezing and thawing of samples which broadens lipoprotein resonances, and by eating which sharpens them. Deconvolution of the composite lipoprotein signals enables these effects to be interpreted. Other notable features of plasma spectra are discussed including resonances for ‘acute-phase’ glycoproteins, ketone bodies and other small molecules.

Factors affecting 1H NMR spectra of blood plasma: cancer, diet and freezing.

The feasibility of using /sup 14/N(/sup 1/H) NMR spectroscopy to follow reactions of Pt(II) antitumor drugs under biologically relevant conditions has been investigated. Amine release from cis-PtCl/sub 2/(NH/sub 3/)/sub 2/ upon reaction with both L-methionine and N-acetyl-L-methionine and from PtCl/sub 2/(1,2-diaminoethane) on reaction with L-methionine in aqueous solution can be readily detected. Upon incubation (37/degrees/C for 24 h) of cis-PtCl/sub 2/(NH/sub 3/)/sub 2/ with human blood plasma supplemented with L-methionine, at least one NH/sub 3/ ligand appears to be lost. Ammonia release is also detected upon addition of excess sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (an agent used clinically to reverse cisplatin toxicity) to plasma incubated with cis-PtCl/sub 2/(NH/sub 3/)/sub 2/ (37/degrees/C for 2 h). Other /sup 14/N peaks assigned in plasma spectra include those for amides, phosphatidylcholines, and N/sub 2/. The authors conclude that /sup 14/N NMR spectroscopy provides a useful probe for studying these drugs at millimolar concentrations under conditions that approach physiological relevance. 29 references, 4 figures, 1 table.

Richard E. Norman

Papers

Studies of platinum(II) methionine complexes : metabolites of cisplatin

Aristotle's philosopher-God

The autoxidation and proton dissociation constants of tertiary diphosphines: relevance to biological activity.

Factors affecting 1H NMR spectra of blood plasma: cancer, diet and freezing.

Nitrogen-14 NMR studies of amine release from platinum anticancer drugs: models and human blood plasma