In the present study leaf tissue of host plant Calotropis procera was screened for the presence of endophytic fungi. The crude extract of the isolated endophytic fungi was tested for various chemical groups like alkaloids, flavonoids, diterpenoids and phenols. Our study showed the presence of 25 endophytic fungi isolated from the leaf tissue which constituted15 Hyphomycetes, 3 Ascomycetes, 3 Coelomycetes and 4 sterile forms. The qualitative analysis in all the 25 isolates showed the presence of alkaloid, phenol in 23 fungi, flavonoid in 19 and diterpenoids in 18 fungi. Fifteen endophytic fungi produced all chemical groups tested in the crude extract. Bipolaris sp a hyphomycete produced only one compound in culture. Among the four groups endophytic fungi Coelomycetes group able to produce all chemical groups tested.
Keywords: Endophytic fungi; Alkaloid; Flavonoid; Diterpenoids

Various chemical groups produced by endophytic fungi isolated from the Calotropis procera- A pharmaceutically important xerophytic plant

Currently, medicinal plants are attracting a great deal of interest as sources of chemicals with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory characteristics. Concerning inflammatory processes and oxidative stress, we evaluated the possible therapeutic benefit of several extracts (methanolic, ethanolic, aqueous, and chloroform) of Coleus forskohlii root. This research used the in vitro antioxidant model as DPPH radical scavenging and anti inflammatory action as protein denaturation and HRBC membrane lysis. For this objective, a rather novel strategy based on the measurement of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant characteristics in combination was used. Using in vitro models, the methanolic extract of Coleus forskohlii root has the highest antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, followed by ethanol, aqueous, and chloroform extracts. The root of Coleus forskohlii might serve as a promising material for the creation of innovative and safer plant-based anti-inflammatory and antioxidant medicines.

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Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Effect of Various Extracts of Coleus forskohlii Root

In this investigation, aqueous, ethanolic and hydroethanolic extracts of Senna alata was analysed for antibacterial property. For this, extracts of Senna alata was studied against selected enteric pathogenic bacteria includes Bacillus subtilis ATCC441, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923, E.coli ATCC25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC2785, Enterococcus feacalis ATCC29212 and Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC15380 and showed growth inhibition activity. The results of different extracts were compared based on zone of inhibition in mm and it was found that, hydroethanolic extract was found to be most effective. This hydroethanolic was further subjected into GC-MS analysis to identify the bioactive compounds present in the plant extract. We have found 7 different compounds are present in the extract.

GC-MS analysis of bioactive compounds and comparative antibacterial potentials of aqueous, ethanolic and hydroethanolic extracts of Senna alata L against enteric pathogens

In this study, we have aimed to analyze the phytochemical composition of this plant and the concentration of strychnine and brucine. The identification of bioactive compounds was done by GC-MS with NIST Library. Strychnine and Brucine were quantified using HPLC. Twenty one medicinal bio active compounds were identified from the Strychnos nux-vomica leaf ethanolic extract. Strychnine is showing 28.43% purity and brucine was not detected in GCMS analysis. Quantified the concentration of strychnine (0.6 mg in 500mg of extract) and brucine (1.6 mg in 500mg of extract) was done by HPLC against Strychnine and Brucine standard. These compounds are having natural properties of Anti-inflammatory, Hypocholesterole, Cancer preventive, Hepatoprotective, Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Cardio protective, Antiaging, Antialzheimeran, Antidermatitic, Immunostimulant, Anthepatotoxic, biosynthesis of steroid hormones, Nematicide, Antiandrogenic, 5-alpha reductase inhibitor, antipsychotic, analgesic, apoptotic effect, antidepressant, antidote for snake poisoning and diabetic activity.

HPLC and GC-MS: Identification and Quantification of Strychnine and Brucine in Strychnos nux-vomica leaves.

Strychnos Nux-Vomica is a remedial plant used in herbal medicine and medicinal plants is having a curative history and are still helping healthiness requirements of a large population in the world. Therapeutic plants are used to cure various diseases, these are the phytochemicals extracted from plants. Strychnos-nux-vomica is having Strychnine and Brucine with biological properties. However, qualitative and quantification of the compounds in plant extract is determined by using chromatography techniques. The method HPTLC is used in identification, standardization and quantification of bioactive Phytoconstituent in plant extract and these extracts helpful in medications. Strychnos Nux-vomica leaves are extracted with 50% Ethanol in a water and centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 5min for analysis. 3 µl of Sample S and 2 µl of standard solution were loaded in CAMAG LINOMAT 5 instrument and scanning done at UV 254nm. The Mobile phase is used ratio of Toluene – Ethyl acetate – Diethyl amine (7:2:1) and Dragendorff's reagent is used as spraying for spot development. HPTLC chromatograms shows the Strychnine, Brucine and eight unknown compounds. Strychnine, Brucine Rf values are 0.50, 0.33 and values of the area is 16667.7 and 13826.4.

S Mohanasundaram

Papers

GC-MS analysis of bioactive compounds and comparative antibacterial potentials of aqueous, ethanolic and hydroethanolic extracts of Senna alata L against enteric pathogens

HPLC and GC-MS: Identification and Quantification of Strychnine and Brucine in Strychnos nux-vomica leaves.

Analysis of Strychnine and Brucine in hydro ethanolic extract of Strychnos Nux-Vomica leaves by using HPTLC