Box-Behnken design: An alternative for the optimization of analytical methods

Über die Adsorption in Lösungen

Dye effluents released from numerous dye-utilizing industries are harmful towards the environment and living things. Consequently, existence of dye effluent in environmental water bodies is becoming a growing concern to environmentalists and civilians. A long term sustainable and efficient dye effluent treatment method should be established to eliminate this issue. Dye wastewater should be treated first before release to minimize its negative impacts towards the environment and living things. However, due to lack of information on efficient dye removal methods, it is difficult to decide on a single technique that resolves the prevailing dye effluent issue. Therefore, this paper reviews existing research papers on various biological, chemical and physical dye removal methods to find its efficiency through percentage of dye removal. Although there are numerous existing tried and tested methods to accomplish dye removal, most of them have a common disadvantage which is the generation of secondary pollution to the environment. This paper highlights enzyme degradation (biological) and adsorption (physical) dye removal as these are known as one of the most efficient dye removal techniques these days. This paper also suggests the usage of a combined adsorbent as it is envisioned that this technique has better efficiency and is able to remove dyes at a faster rate.

Efficiency of various recent wastewater dye removal methods: A review

Evolution of dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction method.

We discuss the origins and the fundamentals of Green Analytical Chemistry (GAC), based on the literature published about clean, environmentally-friendly or GAC methods. We pay special attention to the strategies and the tools available to make sample-pretreatment and analytical methods greener. We consider that the main principles are to replace toxic reagents, to miniaturize and to automate methods, making it possible to reduce dramatically the amounts of reagents consumed and wastes generated, so reducing or avoiding side effects of analytical methods. We also consider on-line decontamination or passivation of wastes to be of special interest in making analytical chemistry sustainable.

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Green Analytical Chemistry

Methanol is highly toxic to human beings and naturally exists in some beverages. Having access to an easy and cheap method for its determination is of great importance to increase the safety of use of these beverages. Our main aim is to evaluate methanol concentration of some alcoholic beverages in Iran black market and compare it with the European and US standards. Also, we evaluated the efficacy of a newly designed and produced chemical kit in determining the risk of methanol toxicity by drinking of such samples compared to gas chromatography method. Methanol content of suspected alcoholic beverages referred to forensic toxicology laboratory, Guilan province, Iran was measured using gas chromatography and a recently designed kit based on modified colorimetric chromotropic acid method. Of 1221 samples, 145 (11.9%) had no ethanol content, while in three samples (0.25%), methanol was high enough (700,000; 870,000; 920,000 mg/L) to cause severe methanol toxicity. Median [IQR] ethanol content of the suspected samples was 9% [3.7, 32.75]. Methanol was detected in 128 (10.48%) samples using gas chromatography method and 160 samples (13.1%) with designed kit with 100% sensitivity, 97.07% specificity, and 100% negative-predictive-value. Alcoholic beverages produced in local black market in Iran are not safe at all. The application of the new method is practical, rapid, easy, and accurate to evaluate the risk of methanol toxicity in suspected alcoholic drinks.

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Evaluation of methanol content of illegal beverages using GC and an easier modified Chromotropic acid method; a cross sectional study.

Sets of quinolizidinyl derivatives of bi- and tri-cyclic (hetero) aromatic systems were studied as selective inhibitors. On the pattern, quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) study has been done on quinolizidinyl derivatives as potent inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase in alzheimer’s disease (AD). Multiple linear regression (MLR), partial least squares (PLSs), principal component regression (PCR), and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) were used to create QSAR models. Geometry optimization of compounds was carried out by B3LYP method employing 6–31 G basis set. HyperChem, Gaussian 98 W, and Dragon software programs were used for geometry optimization of the molecules and calculation of the quantum chemical descriptors. Finally, Unscrambler program was used for the analysis of data. In the present study, the root mean square error of the calibration and R2 using MLR method were obtained as 0.1434 and 0.95, respectively. Also, the R and R2 values were obtained as 0.79, 0.62 from stepwise MLR model. The R2 and mean square values using LASSO method were obtained as 0.766 and 3.226, respectively. The root mean square error of the calibration and R2 using PLS method were obtained as 0.3726 and 0.62, respectively. According to the obtained results, it was found that MLR model is the most favorable method in comparison with other statistical methods and is suitable for use in QSAR models.

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QSAR Investigation on Quinolizidinyl Derivatives in Alzheimer’s Disease

Synthesis of Bis Coumarinyl Methanes Using Fe3O4@SiO2@KIT-6 as an Efficient and Reusable Catalyst

Nanocomposites of ordered mesoporous carbon with silica coated magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4@SiO2-CMK-8, MNCs) were synthesized by carbonizing sucrose inside the pores of the Kit-6 mesoporous silica and used to remove Ponceau 4R from aqueous solutions The synthesized adsorbent was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and Transmission electron microscope (TEM) In order to survey the effective parameters on dye removal efficiency, the factorial design was applied At the optimum conditions (pH: 2, adsorbent dosage: 01 g, contact time: 20 min and ionic strength: 005 mol L−1), the evaluation of four isotherm models was carried out and isotherm data were matched well with Freundlich model (R2 = 09988, n = 1633) Kinetic studies showed that the adsorption of Ponceau 4R was better represented by the pseudo-second order kinetics (R2 > 0999) Finally, the obtained results of real samples showed that the Fe3O4@SiO2-CMK-8 nanocomposite is an effective adsorbent for the rapid removal of Ponceau 4R from aqueous solutions

Application of Magnetic ordered mesoporous carbon Nanocomposite for the Removal of Ponceau 4R Using Factorial Experimental Design

https://cyberleninka.org/article/n/206169.pdf

A quantitative structure–activity relationship study on HIV-1 integrase inhibitors using genetic algorithm, artificial neural networks and different statistical methods

Shahab Shariati

Papers

Evaluation of methanol content of illegal beverages using GC and an easier modified Chromotropic acid method; a cross sectional study.

QSAR Investigation on Quinolizidinyl Derivatives in Alzheimer’s Disease

Synthesis of Bis Coumarinyl Methanes Using Fe3O4@SiO2@KIT-6 as an Efficient and Reusable Catalyst

Application of Magnetic ordered mesoporous carbon Nanocomposite for the Removal of Ponceau 4R Using Factorial Experimental Design

A quantitative structure–activity relationship study on HIV-1 integrase inhibitors using genetic algorithm, artificial neural networks and different statistical methods