Soil Chemical Analysis

Statistical Methods For Agricultural Workers

The spatial features of emitted wireless signals are the basis of location distinction and determination for wireless indoor localization. Available in mainstream wireless signal measurements, the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) has been adopted in vast indoor localization systems. However, it suffers from dramatic performance degradation in complex situations due to multipath fading and temporal dynamics. Break-through techniques resort to finer-grained wireless channel measurement than RSSI. Different from RSSI, the PHY layer power feature, channel response, is able to discriminate multipath characteristics, and thus holds the potential for the convergence of accurate and pervasive indoor localization. Channel State Information (CSI, reflecting channel response in 802.11 a/g/n) has attracted many research efforts and some pioneer works have demonstrated submeter or even centimeter-level accuracy. In this article, we survey this new trend of channel response in localization. The differences between CSI and RSSI are highlighted with respect to network layering, time resolution, frequency resolution, stability, and accessibility. Furthermore, we investigate a large body of recent works and classify them overall into three categories according to how to use CSI. For each category, we emphasize the basic principles and address future directions of research in this new and largely open area.

From RSSI to CSI: Indoor Localization via Channel Response, A survey on indoor localization using PHY-layer information

The UK has passed legislation that introduces the world’s first long-term legally binding framework to tackle the dangers of climate change (The Climate Change Act 20084). The act requires Government to set carbon budgets, which are limits on greenhouse gas emissions in the UK for consecutive five year periods. 
Models analysed in IPCC AR4 have a range of 0-60% for an AMOC decrease over the next 100 years. The RAPID-WATCH 26˚N observations provide the only continuous measurements of the AMOC strength and vertical structure, and are thus a vital monitoring tool for this key climate variable'.
Analysis of the PSMSL data set, reviewed by scientific panels such as the IPCC, inform studies of impacts of climate change on both national and international levels (e.g. UK Marine Climate Change Impacts Partnership (MCCIP), UK Climate Impacts Programme (UKCIP), UK Foresight Flood and Coastal Defence Review, Charting Progress and Charting Progress 2, IPCC Working Group II).

Climate change impacts

WiFi localization, the task of determining the physical location of a mobile device from wireless signal strengths, has been shown to be an accurate method of indoor and outdoor localization and a powerful building block for location-aware applications. However, most localization techniques require a training set of signal strength readings labeled against a ground truth location map, which is prohibitive to collect and maintain as maps grow large. In this paper we propose a novel technique for solving the WiFi SLAM problem using the Gaussian Process Latent Variable Model (GPLVM) to determine the latent-space locations of unlabeled signal strength data. We show how GPLVM, in combination with an appropriate motion dynamics model, can be used to reconstruct a topological connectivity graph from a signal strength sequence which, in combination with the learned Gaussian Process signal strength model, can be used to perform efficient localization.

WiFi-SLAM Using G aussian Process Latent Variable Models

Phase behaviour and characterization of microemulsion stabilized by a novel synthesized surfactant: Implications for enhanced oil recovery

In this paper, Gaussian process regression (GPR) for fingerprinting based localization is presented. In contrast to general regression techniques, the GPR not only infers the posterior received signal strength (RSS) mean but also the variance at each fingerprint location. The GPR does take into account the variance of input i.e., noisy RSS data. The hyper-parameters of GPR are estimated using trust-region-reflective algorithm. The Cramer-Rao bound is analysed to highlight the performance of the parameter estimator. The posterior mean and variance of RSS data is utilized in fingerprinting based localization. The principal component analysis is employed to choose the k strongest wi-fi access points (APs). The performance of the proposed algorithm is validated using using real field deployments. Accuracy improvements of 10% and 30% are observed in two sites compared to the Horus fingerprinting approach.

/pdf/gaussian-process-regression-for-fingerprinting-based-3wjdsgzhe6.pdf

Gaussian Process Regression for Fingerprinting based Localization

The problem of partitioning irregular graphs for parallel computations on homogeneous systems has been extensively studied. However these solutions fail when the target system architecture exhibits heterogeneity in resource characteristics. With the emergence of technologies such as the Grid, it is imperative to study the partitioning problem in the context of distributed heterogeneous systems. In our Grid model, the system consists of processors with varying computational power that are connected via a non-uniform communication network. We present a novel multilevel partitioning algorithm, called MiniMax, for irregular graphs that takes into account issues pertinent to Grid computing environments. The proposed scheme generates and maps partitions onto a heterogeneous system with the objective of minimizing the maximum execution time of the parallel distributed application. Simulation results for both synthetic and real workloads demonstrate that MiniMax generates high quality partitions for various classes of applications targeted for parallel execution in a distributed heterogeneous environment.

/pdf/graph-partitioning-for-parallel-applications-in-2d7uhvo31j.pdf

Graph partitioning for parallel applications in heterogeneous Grid environments

The magnetic induction (MI)-based communications assume the applications, wherein standard electromagnetic (EM) wave and acoustic communications are not effective. The EM and acoustic-based communications do have high power loss, high propagation delays, very low data rates, and environment-dependent channel behavior. MI communications heavily depend upon the time varying magnetic field to convey information between transmitter and receiver. MI-based communications for non-conventional media (e.g., underwater or underground) exhibit several unique and promising qualities, such as constant channel behavior, negligible propagation delay, and large communications range. This paper surveys the current state-of-the-art magnetic induction-based communications for non-conventional media applications. The widely used communications techniques for non-conventional media are qualitatively compared. In particular, the advantages and the disadvantages of different communications techniques are analyzed in terms of different performance metrics. In addition, we highlight some important open issues related to the design of MI for non-conventional media. This survey aims to provide a useful guidance to the researchers in this area.

Magnetic Induction-Based Non-Conventional Media Communications: A Review

Introduction: Temporo-mandibular joint ankylosis is a common cause of acquired deformity in children. Purpose: Surgical correction of the ankylosis only leaves the patient with an uncorrected mandibular deformity. This study was to evaluate the use of distraction osteogenesis for simultaneous correction of the mandibular deformity. Material: This study was done on six children with temporo-mandibular joint ankylosis and mandibular deformity. Uniaxial double pin distractors with Schanz pins were used in this study. Methods: The patients underwent simultaneous gap arthroplasty and mandibular osteotomy (retromolar) with distractor insertion. Distraction was started on the fifth post-operative day. The patients were put on dynamic temporo-mandibular joint exercises on the first post-operative day. Results: All patients had a satisfactory mouth opening on follow-up. Satisfactory cosmetic correction of the mandibular deformity was also achieved in all these patients. Some degree of malocclusion resulted from treatment due to which the patients were placed on orthodontic treatment. Conclusions: Distraction osteogenesis can be used simultaneously with gap arthroplasty in patients with temporo-mandibular ankylosis, for the correction of the mandibular deformity.

/pdf/the-role-of-simultaneous-gap-arthroplasty-and-distraction-6cc6pwhr5b.pdf

The role of simultaneous gap arthroplasty and distraction osteogenesis in the management of temporo-mandibular joint ankylosis with mandibular deformity in children.

Sudhir Kumar

Papers

Phase behaviour and characterization of microemulsion stabilized by a novel synthesized surfactant: Implications for enhanced oil recovery

Gaussian Process Regression for Fingerprinting based Localization

Graph partitioning for parallel applications in heterogeneous Grid environments

Magnetic Induction-Based Non-Conventional Media Communications: A Review

The role of simultaneous gap arthroplasty and distraction osteogenesis in the management of temporo-mandibular joint ankylosis with mandibular deformity in children.