Biocompatibility, Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Applications L. Harivardhan Reddy,†,‡ Jose ́ L. Arias, Julien Nicolas,† and Patrick Couvreur*,† †Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie, Pharmacotechnie et Biopharmacie, Universite ́ Paris-Sud XI, UMR CNRS 8612, Faculte ́ de Pharmacie, IFR 141, 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Cleḿent, F-92296 Chat̂enay-Malabry, France Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmaceútica, Facultad de Farmacia, Campus Universitario de Cartuja s/n, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain ‡Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, Sanofi, 13 Quai Jules Guesdes, F-94403 Vitry-sur-Seine, France

Magnetic nanoparticles: design and characterization, toxicity and biocompatibility, pharmaceutical and biomedical applications.

Keywords: Fragmentation Chain-Transfer ; Self-Assembled Monolayers ; Walled Carbon Nanotubes ; Well-Defined Polymer ; Nitroxide-Mediated Polymerization ; Block-Copolymer Brushes ; Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) Brushes ; Transfer Raft Polymerization ; Quartz-Crystal Microbalance ; Poly(Acrylic Acid) Brushes Reference EPFL-REVIEW-148464doi:10.1021/cr900045aView record in Web of Science Record created on 2010-04-23, modified on 2017-05-10

Polymer Brushes via Surface-Initiated Controlled Radical Polymerization: Synthesis, Characterization, Properties, and Applications

Nanotechnology is one of the most important tools in modern agriculture, and agri-food nanotechnology is anticipated to become a driving economic force in the near future. Agri-food themes focus on sustainability and protection of agriculturally produced foods, including crops for human consumption and animal feeding. Nanotechnology provides new agrochemical agents and new delivery mechanisms to improve crop productivity, and it promises to reduce pesticide use. Nanotechnology can boost agricultural production, and its applications include: 1) nanoformulations of agrochemicals for applying pesticides and fertilizers for crop improvement; 2) the application of nanosensors/nanobiosensors in crop protection for the identification of diseases and residues of agrochemicals; 3) nanodevices for the genetic manipulation of plants; 4) plant disease diagnostics; 5) animal health, animal breeding, poultry production; and 6) postharvest management. Precision farming techniques could be used to further improve crop yields but not damage soil and water, reduce nitrogen loss due to leaching and emissions, as well as enhance nutrients long-term incorporation by soil microorganisms. Nanotechnology uses include nanoparticle-mediated gene or DNA transfer in plants for the development of insect-resistant varieties, food processing and storage, nanofeed additives, and increased product shelf life. Nanotechnology promises to accelerate the development of biomass-to-fuels production technologies. Experts feel that the potential benefits of nanotechnology for agriculture, food, fisheries, and aquaculture need to be balanced against concerns for the soil, water, and environment and the occupational health of workers. Raising awareness of nanotechnology in the agri-food sector, including feed and food ingredients, intelligent packaging and quick-detection systems, is one of the keys to influencing consumer acceptance. On the basis of only a handful of toxicological studies, concerns have arisen regarding the safety of nanomaterials, and researchers and companies will need to prove that these nanotechnologies do not have more of a negative impact on the environment.

https://www.dovepress.com/getfile.php?fileID=20118

Nanotechnology in agri-food production: an overview.

This Review covers photonic crystals (PhCs) and their use for sensing mainly chemical and biochemical parameters, with a particular focus on the materials applied. Specific sections are devoted to a) a lead-in into natural and synthetic photonic nanoarchitectures, b) the various kinds of structures of PhCs, c) reflection and diffraction in PhCs, d) aspects of sensing based on mechanical, thermal, optical, electrical, magnetic, and purely chemical stimuli, e) aspects of biosensing based on biomolecules incorporated into PhCs, and f) current trends and limitations of such sensors.

Photonic Crystals for Chemical Sensing and Biosensing

We show that the hybrids of single-layer graphene oxide with manganese ferrite magnetic nanoparticles have the best adsorption properties for efficient removal of Pb(II), As(III), and As(V) from contaminated water. The nanohybrids prepared by coprecipitation technique were characterized using atomic force and scanning electron microscopies, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and surface area measurements. Magnetic character of the nanohybrids was ascertained by a vibrating sample magnetometer. Batch experiments were carried out to quantify the adsorption kinetics and adsorption capacities of the nanohybrids and compared with the bare nanoparticles of MnFe2O4. The adsorption data from our experiments fit the Langmuir isotherm, yielding the maximum adsorption capacity higher than the reported values so far. Temperature-dependent adsorption studies have been done to estimate the free energy and enthalpy of adsorption. Reusability, ease of magnetic separation, high removal efficiency, high surface area, and fast kinetics make these nanohybrids very attractive candidates for low-cost adsorbents for the effective coremoval of heavy metals from contaminated water.

Graphene Oxide–MnFe2O4 Magnetic Nanohybrids for Efficient Removal of Lead and Arsenic from Water

Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were synthesized by precipitation and sol-gel methods. The aim of this study was to understand how different synthetic methods can affect the photocatalytic activity of ZnO nanoparticles. As-synthesized ZnO nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and UV-Visible spectroscopic techniques. XRD patterns of ZnO powders synthesized by precipitation and sol-gel methods revealed their hexagonal wurtzite structure with crystallite sizes of 30 and 28 nm, respectively. Their photocatalytic activities were evaluated by photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue, a common water pollutant, under UV radiation. The effects of operational parameters such as photocatalyst load and initial concentration of the dye on photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue were investigated. While the degradation of dye decreased over the studied dye concentration range of 20 to 100 mg/L, an optimum photocatalyst load of 250 mg/L was needed to achieve dye degradation as high as 81 and 92.5 % for ZnO prepared by precipitation and sol-gel methods, respectively. Assuming pseudo first-order reaction kinetics, this corresponded to rate constants of 8.4 × 10−3 and 12.4 × 10−3 min−1, respectively. Hence, sol-gel method is preferred over precipitation method in order to achieve higher photocatalytic activity of ZnO nanostructures. Photocatalytic activity is further augmented by better choice of capping ligand for colloidal stabilization, starch being more effective than polyethylene glycol (PEG).

Photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue dye by zinc oxide nanoparticles obtained from precipitation and sol-gel methods

This article reviews the principles, mechanisms and comparisons of glass surface cleaning by various wet chemical and dry cleaning methods, including acid–base–solvent combinations, HF etching, chelation, vapor degreasing, UV–ozone, oxygen plasma, heating/pyrolysis, ultrasonic and laser treatments. This article also covers four major hydrophobic coating strategies, namely hydrosilylation, silanization, plasma treatment and DC sputtering, along with their process-wise applications. A special emphasis is given on the silanization process: its mechanism, factors affecting, choices of solvents and precursors, and limitations, which is utilized in anti-reflective (AR) sol–gel coating formation as well. Some of the common surface analytical techniques, its utility and reported data has also been reviewed in this context. Finally, a section has been devoted to anti-reflective (AR) and transmittance properties, elucidating the theory and methods of AR coating generation, factors affecting and related literature reports. The challenge lies in coming up with non-harsh cleaning procedures and water-based hydrophobic coatings, with an eye for application in ecological proximity.

Cleaning and anti-reflective (AR) hydrophobic coating of glass surface: a review from materials science perspective

Micellar properties of the binary and ternary surfactant combinations of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate, and polyoxyethylene lauryl ether have been investigated in detail by employing tensiometric, fluorometric, and conductometric techniques in aqueous medium. The critical micelle concentrations, counterion binding, interfacial adsorption, energetics of micellization as well as adsorption, micropolarity, aggregation number, composition of the micellar species, and molecular interaction parameters in the mixed micelles have been evaluated. The physicochemical properties of the systems are observed to depend on the solution composition. We have estimated the characteristics of the micellar aggregates such as composition, activity coefficients, critical micelle concentration, and synergism of the binary and ternary surfactant systems following the treatments of Clint, Rubingh, Motomura, et al. and Rubingh and Holland.

Solution Properties of the Binary and Ternary Combination of Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate, Polyoxyethylene Sorbitan Monlaurate, and Polyoxyethylene Lauryl Ether

Tania Dey

Papers

Photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue dye by zinc oxide nanoparticles obtained from precipitation and sol-gel methods

Cleaning and anti-reflective (AR) hydrophobic coating of glass surface: a review from materials science perspective

Solution Properties of the Binary and Ternary Combination of Sodium Dodecyl Benzene Sulfonate, Polyoxyethylene Sorbitan Monlaurate, and Polyoxyethylene Lauryl Ether

Fennema’s Food Chemistry (4th ed.), Srinivasan Damodaran, Kirk L. Parkin, Owen R. Fennema (Eds.), CRC Press, 2007.

The effect of sugar solution type, sugar concentration and viscosity on the imbibition and energy intake rate of bumblebees.