다중혈관 관상동맥 환자에서 y-문합을 이용하여 양쪽 내흉동맥만을 사용한 우회술의 조기 성적

From the Publisher: 
The accessible presentation of this book gives both a general view of the entire computer vision enterprise and also offers sufficient detail to be able to build useful applications. Users learn techniques that have proven to be useful by first-hand experience and a wide range of mathematical methods. A CD-ROM with every copy of the text contains source code for programming practice, color images, and illustrative movies. Comprehensive and up-to-date, this book includes essential topics that either reflect practical significance or are of theoretical importance. Topics are discussed in substantial and increasing depth. Application surveys describe numerous important application areas such as image based rendering and digital libraries. Many important algorithms broken down and illustrated in pseudo code. Appropriate for use by engineers as a comprehensive reference to the computer vision enterprise.

Computer vision : a modern approach = 计算机视觉 : 一种现代的方法

Irrespective of the morphological features of end-stage cell death (that may be apoptotic, necrotic, autophagic, or mitotic), mitochondrial membrane permeabilization (MMP) is frequently the decisive event that delimits the frontier between survival and death. Thus mitochondrial membranes constitute the battleground on which opposing signals combat to seal the cell's fate. Local players that determine the propensity to MMP include the pro- and antiapoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family, proteins from the mitochondrialpermeability transition pore complex, as well as a plethora of interacting partners including mitochondrial lipids. Intermediate metabolites, redox processes, sphingolipids, ion gradients, transcription factors, as well as kinases and phosphatases link lethal and vital signals emanating from distinct subcellular compartments to mitochondria. Thus mitochondria integrate a variety of proapoptotic signals. Once MMP has been induced, it causes the release of catabolic hydrolases and activators of such enzymes (including those of caspases) from mitochondria. These catabolic enzymes as well as the cessation of the bioenergetic and redox functions of mitochondria finally lead to cell death, meaning that mitochondria coordinate the late stage of cellular demise. Pathological cell death induced by ischemia/reperfusion, intoxication with xenobiotics, neurodegenerative diseases, or viral infection also relies on MMP as a critical event. The inhibition of MMP constitutes an important strategy for the pharmaceutical prevention of unwarranted cell death. Conversely, induction of MMP in tumor cells constitutes the goal of anticancer chemotherapy.

Mitochondrial Membrane Permeabilization in Cell Death

Despite widespread clinical use of antimalarial drugs such as hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and other inflammatory rheumatic diseases, insights into the mechanism of action of these drugs are still emerging. Hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine are weak bases and have a characteristic ‘deep’ volume of distribution and a half-life of around 50 days. These drugs interfere with lysosomal activity and autophagy, interact with membrane stability and alter signalling pathways and transcriptional activity, which can result in inhibition of cytokine production and modulation of certain co-stimulatory molecules. These modes of action, together with the drug’s chemical properties, might explain the clinical efficacy and well-known adverse effects (such as retinopathy) of these drugs. The unknown dose–response relationships of these drugs and the lack of definitions of the minimum dose needed for clinical efficacy and what doses are toxic pose challenges to clinical practice. Further challenges include patient non-adherence and possible context-dependent variations in blood drug levels. Available mechanistic data give insights into the immunomodulatory potency of hydroxychloroquine and provide the rationale to search for more potent and/or selective inhibitors. Hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine are antimalarial drugs commonly used for the treatment of rheumatic diseases. Multiple mechanisms might explain the efficacy and adverse effects of these drugs, but further investigation could lead to the development of more specific and potent drugs.

Mechanisms of action of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine: implications for rheumatology.

This article provides a comprehensive review of hormesis, a dose-response concept that is characterized by a low-dose stimulation and a high-dose inhibition. The article traces the historical foundations of hormesis, its quantitative features and mechanistic foundations, and its risk assessment implications. The article indicates that the hormetic dose response is the most fundamental dose response, significantly outcompeting other leading dose-response models in large-scale, head-to-head evaluations. The hormetic dose response is highly generalizable, being independent of biological model, endpoint measured, chemical class, and interindividual variability. Hormesis also provides a framework for the study and assessment of chemical mixtures, incorporating the concept of additivity and synergism. Because the hormetic biphasic dose response represents a general pattern of biological responsiveness, it is expected that it will become progressively more significant within toxicological evaluation and risk assessment practices as well as have numerous biomedical applications.

http://www.drroyspencer.com/wp-content/uploads/Calabrese-SETAC-2008.pdf

Hormesis: why it is important to toxicology and toxicologists.

Introduction: The impurities of the air inside the buildings and the resulting adverse health effects have become an increasing problem. Typically indoor air impurities are mixtures of many chemica...

Cytotoxicity of Water Samples Condensed from Indoor Air: An Indicator of Poor Indoor Air Quality

Direct measurement of contraction force in human cardiac tissue model using piezoelectric cantilever sensor technique

The anticancer drug tamoxifen is widely used in breast cancer therapy. Tamoxifen has been reported to cause ocular toxicity and impairment of vision in epidemiological studies. To study the possibl...

Mechanism of Tamoxifen's Retinal Toxicity, Studied in Pig Pigment Epithelial Cell Cultures:

Inflammation has been proven significant factor in development of type 2 diabetes. So far, most of the adipose tissue related research has been performed in animals, mainly rodent models. The relevance of translation of animal results to humans is questionable. However, in vitro model with relevant human cell source, such as human adipose tissue stromal cells (hASC), can be developed and should be utilized for human adipose tissue research. We developed in vitro models of human adipose tissue utilizing hASC, endothelial cells and monocytes/macrophages. By isolating endothelial cells and macrophages from same adipose tissue as hASC, we were able to provide method for constructing personalized models of adipose tissue. With these models, we studied the effect of macrophages on adipogenesis and protein secretion, with and without vasculature. The models were analyzed for immunocytochemical markers, cell number, triglyceride accumulation and protein secretion. We found that lipid accumulation was greater in adipocytes in the presence of macrophages. Interferon gamma increased this difference between adipocyte culture and Adipocyte-Macrophage co-culture. Protein secretion was affected more by macrophages when vasculature was not present compared to the mild effect when vasculature was present. The vascularized adipose model with macrophages is valuable tool for human adipose tissue research, especially for the personalized medicine approaches; for choosing the right treatments and for studying rare medical conditions.

/pdf/development-of-novel-human-in-vitro-vascularized-adipose-14dt7vygyh.pdf

Development of Novel Human in Vitro Vascularized Adipose Tissue Model With Functional Macrophages

Purpose: Evaluation of the effects of laser photocoagulation on cultured primary retinal pigment epithelial cells. Methods: Cells were treated by a diode laser (678 nm) with 800 and 1600 mW for 0.1...

Tarja Toimela

Papers

Cytotoxicity of Water Samples Condensed from Indoor Air: An Indicator of Poor Indoor Air Quality

Direct measurement of contraction force in human cardiac tissue model using piezoelectric cantilever sensor technique

Mechanism of Tamoxifen's Retinal Toxicity, Studied in Pig Pigment Epithelial Cell Cultures:

Development of Novel Human in Vitro Vascularized Adipose Tissue Model With Functional Macrophages

Laser treatment of cultured retinal pigment epithelial cells-evaluation of the cellular damage in vitro.