Showing papers by "Tawfik A. Saleh published in 2013"
TL;DR: It is evident from the literature that CNT based nanosorbents have shown good potential for the removal of dyes from aqueous solution, however, still more research work should be focused on the development of cost effective, higher efficient and environmental friendly CNTbased nanOSorbents for their commercial applications.
1,028 citations
TL;DR: This review attempts to compile relevant knowledge about the adsorption activities of porous carbon, carbon nanotubes and fullerene related to various organic and inorganic pollutants from aqueous solutions.
Abstract: The quality of water is continuously deteriorating due to its increasing toxic threat to humans and the environment. It is imperative to perform treatment of wastewater in order to remove pollutants and to get good quality water. Carbon materials like porous carbon, carbon nanotubes and fullerene have been extensively used for advanced treatment of wastewaters. In recent years, carbon nanomaterials have become promising adsorbents for water treatment. This review attempts to compile relevant knowledge about the adsorption activities of porous carbon, carbon nanotubes and fullerene related to various organic and inorganic pollutants from aqueous solutions. A detailed description of the preparation and treatment methods of porous carbon, carbon nanotubes and fullerene along with relevant applications and regeneration is also included.
822 citations
TL;DR: The utilization of waste tires (hard-to-dispose waste) as a precursor in the production of activated carbons (pollution-cleaning adsorbent) and it was found that the adsorption process is pH dependent.
Abstract: Because of the continuous production of large amount of waste tires, the disposal of waste tires represents a major environmental issue throughout the world. This paper reports the utilization of waste tires (hard-to-dispose waste) as a precursor in the production of activated carbons (pollution-cleaning adsorbent). In the preparation of activated carbon (AC), waste rubber tire (WRT) was thermally treated and activated. The tire-derived activated carbon was characterized by means of scanning electron microscope, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, FTIR spectrophotometer, and X-ray diffraction. In the IR spectrum, a number of bands centred at about 3409, 2350, 1710, 1650, and 1300–1000 cm−1 prove the present of hydroxyl and carboxyl groups on the surface of AC in addition to C═C double bonds. The developed AC was tested and evaluated as potential adsorbent removal of chromium (III). Experimental parameters, such as contact time, initial concentration, adsorbent dosage and pH were optimized. A rapid uptake of chromium ions was observed and the equilibrium is achieved in 1 h. It was also found that the adsorption process is pH dependent. This work adds to the global discussion of the cost-effective utilization of waste rubber tires for waste water treatment.
368 citations
TL;DR: Effective activated porous carbon was prepared by thermal treatment of waste rubber tires and was further activated using oxidizing agents like nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide using a functionalized pyrene molecule as a model to understand the chemistry behind the process.
100 citations
09 May 2013
TL;DR: The chemical, physical and mechanical properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been extensively investigated since their discovery in the early 1990s (Iijima, 1991).
Abstract: The chemical, physical and mechanical properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have stimu‐ lated extensive investigation since their discovery in the early 1990s (Iijima, 1991) CNTs, which are considered quasi-one dimensional nanostructures, are graphite sheets rolled up into cylinders with diameters of the order of a few nanometers and up to some millimeters in length Types of nanotubes are the single-walled nanotubes (SWCNTs), double-walled nanotubes (DWCNTs) and the multi-walled nanotubes (MWCNTs) The MWCNTs consist of multiple layers of graphite arranged in concentric cylinders
64 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the utilization of waste tire carbons as a low cost adsorbent for removal of cadmium (II) ion from aqueous solution with density functional theory calculations to shed more light on the adsorption process.
57 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of oxidizing media (deionized water and hydrogen peroxide) on the composition, morphology and optical properties of the product materials produced by pulsed laser ablation in liquid (PLAL) with 532nm wavelength laser with 5n pulse duration was studied.
40 citations
27 Dec 2013
8 citations
Patent•
30 Dec 2013TL;DR: In this article, a modified hydrothermal method was used for the desulfurization activities of a diesel fuel and the results were examined by the means of N2-adsorption, X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.
Abstract: Alumina/NiO/ZnO and Alumina/ZnO are synthesized via a novel modified hydrothermal method and investigated for the desulfurization activities. Sulfur compounds such as thiophene, benzothiophene (BT) and dibenzothiophene (DBT) are tested for their removal from model diesel fuel. The prepared composite materials were examined by the means of N2-adsorption, X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.
6 citations
01 Dec 2013
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used a 532 nm wavelength laser beam with 5 ns pulse width and 10 Hz repetition rate as an ablating laser source to control the size and stoichiometry of nano particles.
Abstract: Pulsed laser ablation in liquids is a simple synthesis process of nano-particles for the production of high purity material with no need for any expensive instrumentation except laser. The 532 nm wavelength laser beam with 5 ns pulse width and 10 Hz repetition rate was an ablating laser source. In order to control the size and stoichiometry of the nano particles, the laser ablation was done in the presence of 9% of H2O2. The optical properties and structure of the prepared samples were studied using different analytical techniques, such as energy dispersive X-ray spectroscope (EDS), X-ray Diffraction, UV-Visible absorption, Photoluminescence, FT-IR. In order to study the morphology of the prepared nano-sized powders, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope was used. From the above analytical studies it was found that the particle size was between 13 and 28 nanometer, while the band gap energy was estimated to be 2.46 eV.
5 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this article, waste rubber tire has been utilized as a cost-effective source to produce activated carbon by applying successive thermal and chemical treatment, and the resultant carbon materials have been characterized by means of powder X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscope, energy-dispersive X-Ray spectroscope and Fourier transform infrared spectro-scope.
Abstract: Waste rubber tire has been utilized as a cost-effective source to produce activated carbon by applying successive thermal and chemical treatment. The resultant carbon materials have been characterized by means of powder X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscope, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscope and Fourier transform infrared spectroscope. The resultant carbon materials have not only a higher mesopore, macropore content but also have a favorable surface chemistry owing to the presence of oxygen functional groups as evidenced by FTIR spectra. The surface area of activated carbon was measured to be 465 m2/g. The developed activated carbon has been used for the removal of cadmium from waste water by adsorption phenomenon. Equilibrium was obtained at almost 1 h. Batch adsorption studies revealed maximum adsorption of 92 mg/ g at a contact time of 60 min. The developed sorbent has the advantages of being inexpensive. Keywords: Activated carbon, waste rubber tire, adsorption;
Patent•
27 Nov 2013TL;DR: In this paper, activated carbon and activated carbon zinc oxide (ACZnO) were used as adsorbents for removal of thiophene, benzothiophene (BT), and dibenzothiophenes (DBT) as sulfur compounds from diesel fuel.
Abstract: Activated carbon
ickel oxide\zinc oxide (AC\NiO\ZnO) and activated carbon\zinc oxide (AC\ZnO) were prepared and used as adsorbents for removal of thiophene, benzothiophene (BT) and dibenzothiophene (DBT) as sulfur compounds from hydrocarbon materials such as diesel fuel. The materials exhibited an efficient and economical way for removing sulfur compounds due to its low-energy consumption, ambient operation temperature and atmospheric pressure. A simple regeneration method of the spent adsorbents.
01 Jan 2013
TL;DR: Sulfur emissions also cause deleterious effects on humans, such as respiratory illnesses, aggravated heart disease, or induced trigger asthma as discussed by the authors, and several corrosion problems in pipelines, pumping and refining equipment may occur as a result of sulfur-contents emission.
Abstract: Due to its elevated presence in crude oil and its potential to cause undesired ecological reactions, it is imperative to develop a feasible means by which sulfur can be extracted. For example, sulfur compounds left in fuels often lead to the emission of sulfur oxide gases which react with water in the atmosphere to form sulfates and acid rain which then in turn damages buildings, destroys automotive paint finishes, acidifies soil, and water bodies, contributes to formation of atmospheric particulates, which ultimately leads to water pollution, global warming, loss of forests, and various other ecosystems. Additionally, several corrosion problems in pipelines, pumping, and refining equipment may occur as a result of sulfur-contents emission. Sulfur emissions also cause deleterious effects on humans, such as respiratory illnesses, aggravated heart disease, or induced trigger asthma.