The Communication program emphasizes theory, research, and application to examine the ways humans communicate, verbally and non-verbally, across a variety of levels and contexts. This is particularly important as communication shapes our ideas and values, gives rise to our politics, consumption and socialization, and helps to define our identities and realities. Its power and potential is inestimable. From the briefest of text messages to the grandest of public declarations, we indeed live within communication and invite you to join us in appreciating its increasing importance in contemporary society. From Twitter and reality television to family relationships and workplace dynamics, communication is about understanding ourselves, our media, our relationships, our culture and how these things connect.

의사 간호사 communication

Protein phosphorylation is an impo-rtant cellular regulatory mechanism as many enzymes and receptors are activated/deactivated by phosphorylation and dephosphorylation events, by means of kinases and phosph-atases. In particular, the protein kinases are responsible for cellular transduction signaling and their hyperactivity, malfunction or overexpression can be found in several diseases, mostly tumors. Therefore, it is evident that the use of kinase inhibitors can be valuable for the treatment of cancer. In this review, we discuss the mechanism of action of phosphorylation, with particular attention to the importance of phosphorylation under physiological and pathological conditions. We also discuss the possibility of using kinase inhibitors in the treatment of tumors.

/pdf/the-crucial-role-of-protein-phosphorylation-in-cell-1382fjkubf.pdf

The crucial role of protein phosphorylation in cell signaling and its use as targeted therapy (Review)

Parasitic nematodes that cause elephantiasis and river blindness threaten hundreds of millions of people in the developing world. We have sequenced the ∼90 megabase (Mb) genome of the human filarial parasite Brugia malayi and predict ∼11,500 protein coding genes in 71 Mb of robustly assembled sequence. Comparative analysis with the free-living, model nematode Caenorhabditis elegans revealed that, despite these genes having maintained little conservation of local synteny during ∼350 million years of evolution, they largely remain in linkage on chromosomal units. More than 100 conserved operons were identified. Analysis of the predicted proteome provides evidence for adaptations of B. malayi to niches in its human and vector hosts and insights into the molecular basis of a mutualistic relationship with its Wolbachia endosymbiont. These findings offer a foundation for rational drug design.

Draft genome of the filarial nematode parasite Brugia malayi (Science (2007) (1756))

TGF-beta in CAF-mediated tumor growth and metastasis

CD40 Agonists Alter Tumor Stroma and Show Efficacy Against Pancreatic Carcinoma in Mice and Humans

The human Phosphatase of Regenerative Liver (PRL) family comprises three members (PRL-1, -2, -3; gene name PTP4A1, PTP4A2, PTP4A3) that are highly expressed in a majority of cancers. This review summarizes our current understanding of PRL biology, including an overview of their evolutionary relationships and the regulatory mechanisms controlling their expression. We provide an updated view on our current knowledge on the PRL functions in solid tumors, hematological cancer, and normal physiology, particularly emphasizing on the use of in vivo mouse models. We also highlight a novel relationship positioning PRL as a central node controlling magnesium homeostasis through an association with the CNNM proteins, which are involved in magnesium transport.

https://febs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/febs.14503

Physiological and oncogenic roles of the PRL phosphatases.

http://digital.csic.es/bitstream/10261/133101/1/Miranda%20Saavedra%20Diego%20A%20Drosophila.pdf

A Drosophila-centric view of protein tyrosine phosphatases

PTP-central: a comprehensive resource of protein tyrosine phosphatases in eukaryotic genomes.

There is emerging evidence that cancer stem cells (CSCs), like normal tissue stem cells, are regulated by a niche formed of mesenchymal cells. In this review we summarize the current knowledge of the role of cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in a tentative CSC niche. We also discuss findings from our own studies showing that CAF derived factors have a strong stimulatory effect on the stem cell properties of breast cancer cells. Based on recent literature we conclude that CAFs are strong modulators of the stem cell properties of cancer cells. This effect is likely to be particularly relevant under circumstances of early stages of tumor cell dissemination and metastasis.

/pdf/fibroblast-dependent-regulation-of-the-stem-cell-properties-1szb2m6u69.pdf

Fibroblast-dependent regulation of the stem cell properties of cancer cells.

The family of protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) includes 107 genes in humans that are diverse in their structures and expression profiles. The majority are present in immune cells and play various roles in either inhibiting or promoting the duration and amplitude of signaling cascades. Several PTPs, including TC-PTP (PTPN2) and SHP-1 (PTPN6), have been recognized as being crucial for maintaining proper immune response and self-tolerance, and have gained recognition as true immune system checkpoint modulators. This chapter details the most recent literature on PTPs and immunity by examining their known functions in regulating signaling from either established checkpoint inhibitors or by their intrinsic properties, as modulators of the immune response. Notably, we review PTP regulatory properties in macrophages, antigen-presenting dendritic cells, and T cells. Overall, we present the PTP gene family as a remarkable source of novel checkpoint inhibitors wherein lies a great number of new targets for immunotherapies.

Teri Hatzihristidis

Papers

Physiological and oncogenic roles of the PRL phosphatases.

A Drosophila-centric view of protein tyrosine phosphatases

PTP-central: a comprehensive resource of protein tyrosine phosphatases in eukaryotic genomes.

Fibroblast-dependent regulation of the stem cell properties of cancer cells.

Mining the Complex Family of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases for Checkpoint Regulators in Immunity.