Basics of qualitative research: Grounded theory procedures and techniques

1. Introduction and Overview. 2. Detecting Influential Observations and Outliers. 3. Detecting and Assessing Collinearity. 4. Applications and Remedies. 5. Research Issues and Directions for Extensions. Bibliography. Author Index. Subject Index.

Regression Diagnostics: Identifying Influential Data and Sources of Collinearity

The 2008 crash has left all the established economic doctrines - equilibrium models, real business cycles, disequilibria models - in disarray. Part of the problem is due to Smith’s "veil of ignorance": individuals unknowingly pursue society’s interest and, as a result, have no clue as to the macroeconomic effects of their actions: witness the Keynes and Leontief multipliers, the concept of value added, fiat money, Engel’s law and technical progress, to name but a few of the macrofoundations of microeconomics. A good viewpoint to take bearings anew lies in comparing the post-Great Depression institutions with those emerging from Thatcher and Reagan’s economic policies: deregulation, exogenous vs. endoge- nous money, shadow banking vs. Volcker’s Rule. Very simply, the banks, whose lending determined deposits after Roosevelt, and were a public service became private enterprises whose deposits determine lending. These underlay the great moderation preceding 2006, and the subsequent crash.

The Economic Institutions of Capitalism

This handbook looks to provide academics and students with a comprehensive and holistic understanding of the phenomenon of innovation. Innovation spans a number of fields within the social sciences and humanities: Management, Economics, Geography, Sociology, Politics, Psychology, and History. Consequently, the rapidly increasing body of literature on innovation is characterized by a multitude of perspectives based on, or cutting across, existing disciplines and specializations. Scholars of innovation can come from such diverse starting points that much of this literature can be missed, and so constructive dialogues missed. The editors of The Oxford Handbook of Innovation have carefully selected and designed twenty-one contributions from leading academic experts within their particular field, each focusing on a specific aspect of innovation. These have been organized into four main sections, the first of which looks at the creation of innovations, with particular focus on firms and networks. Section Two provides an account of the wider systematic setting influencing innovation and the role of institutions and organizations in this context. Section Three explores some of the diversity in the working of innovation over time and across different sectors of the economy, and Section Four focuses on the consequences of innovation with respect to economic growth, international competitiveness, and employment. An introductory overview, concluding remarks, and guide to further reading for each chapter, make this handbook a key introduction and vital reference work for researchers, academics, and advanced students of innovation. Contributors to this volume - Jan Fagerberg, University of Oslo William Lazonick, INSEAD Walter W. Powell, Stanford University Keith Pavitt, SPRU Alice Lam, Brunel University Keith Smith, INTECH Charles Edquist, Linkoping David Mowery, University of California, Berkeley Mary O'Sullivan, INSEAD Ove Granstrand, Chalmers Bjorn Asheim, University of Lund Rajneesh Narula, Copenhagen Business School Antonello Zanfei, Urbino Kristine Bruland, University of Oslo Franco Malerba, University of Bocconi Nick Von Tunzelmann, SPRU Ian Miles, University of Manchester Bronwyn Hall, University of California, Berkeley Bart Verspagen , ECIS Francisco Louca, ISEG Manuel M. Godinho, ISEG Richard R. Nelson, Mario Pianta, Urbino Bengt-Ake Lundvall, Aalborg

The Oxford Handbook of Innovation

What makes organizations so similar? We contend that the engine of rationalization and bureaucratization has moved from the competitive marketplace to the state and the professions. Once a set of organizations emerges as a field, a paradox arises: rational actors make their organizations increasingly similar as they try to change them. We describe three isomorphic processes-coercive, mimetic, and normative—leading to this outcome. We then specify hypotheses about the impact of resource centralization and dependency, goal ambiguity and technical uncertainty, and professionalization and structuration on isomorphic change. Finally, we suggest implications for theories of organizations and social change.

The iron cage revisited: Institutional isomorphism and collective rationality in organizational fields (Chinese Translation)

Driving Entrepreneurship in Southeast Asia

Healthcare organisations are adopting innovation and entrepreneurial management strategies as a way to compete and succeed in the global marketplace. Increasing numbers of healthcare providers are utilising innovative technologies and services that have a direct impact upon patient's physical and mental health. In addition, individuals, businesses and governments in the healthcare industry are becoming more entrepreneurial in the way they access and give services to patients as a mechanism to improve success rates and be more financially savvy. This paper will discuss the role of innovation and entrepreneurship for healthcare organisations as a way of adapting to change. The importance of creativity in healthcare organisations by placing importance on user-innovation and entrepreneurial ideas is examined in the literature review. Healthcare innovation and entrepreneurship are then discussed as a mode to increase the performance of management strategies. Managerial implications for healthcare organisations are stated that highlight the evolution of hospitals, primary care providers and community practitioners in utilising innovative and entrepreneurial techniques. Suggestions for future research are included, which stress the importance of continual innovation and entrepreneurship in healthcare organisations.

Healthcare organisations innovation management systems: implications for hospitals, primary care providers and community health practitioners

Entrepreneurship is a contextual activity, which is influenced by its surrounding community. There has been an increased interest in the role communities play in entrepreneurship due to the increased effort of policy planners to harness the potential of their regions. Locality in terms of community can help or hinder entrepreneurship. This chapter discusses the role communities play in entrepreneurship and how to further facilitate engagement with stakeholders. The relevance of communities for entrepreneurship is explained as a way to understand the proceeding chapters of the book.

Entrepreneurship and the Community

On January 30, 2020, COVID-19 was declared a public health emergency of international concern and quickly spread around the world due to the international mobility of travelers. On March 11, 2020, COVID-19 was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization, which then resulted in the shutting down of economies, lockdowns, and other restrictions. Small businesses have been particularly affected by the pandemic due to the need to shift rapidly to a digital platform. Although these changes resulted in hardship, they also offered a way for small businesses to be a vehicle for entrepreneurship as they provide new ideas to gain traction in the marketplace. Entrepreneurship symbolizes innovation and is vital to the competitiveness of the economy particularly in times of crisis such as that occurring with the COVID-19 pandemic. The benefits of entrepreneurship include its contribution to economic development and job creation, which is particularly needed in times of upheaval and change. Small business entrepreneurs are not a monolithic category as they are diverse and have individual characteristics. This means the way they respond to the COVID-19 crisis differs depending on their industry and geographical characteristics. The increased interest in small business and COVID-19 entrepreneurship is fed by the rapid changes that have taken place in society. This is due to the participation of small business entrepreneurs in the market being needed in this time of rapid change.

Vanessa Ratten

Papers

Driving Entrepreneurship in Southeast Asia

Healthcare organisations innovation management systems: implications for hospitals, primary care providers and community health practitioners

Entrepreneurship and the Community

COVID-19, entrepreneurship, and small business

L. Lloyd-Reason and L. Sear (Ed), Trading places—SMEs in the global economy: A critical research handbook