Basics of qualitative research: Grounded theory procedures and techniques

1. Introduction and Overview. 2. Detecting Influential Observations and Outliers. 3. Detecting and Assessing Collinearity. 4. Applications and Remedies. 5. Research Issues and Directions for Extensions. Bibliography. Author Index. Subject Index.

Regression Diagnostics: Identifying Influential Data and Sources of Collinearity

The 2008 crash has left all the established economic doctrines - equilibrium models, real business cycles, disequilibria models - in disarray. Part of the problem is due to Smith’s "veil of ignorance": individuals unknowingly pursue society’s interest and, as a result, have no clue as to the macroeconomic effects of their actions: witness the Keynes and Leontief multipliers, the concept of value added, fiat money, Engel’s law and technical progress, to name but a few of the macrofoundations of microeconomics. A good viewpoint to take bearings anew lies in comparing the post-Great Depression institutions with those emerging from Thatcher and Reagan’s economic policies: deregulation, exogenous vs. endoge- nous money, shadow banking vs. Volcker’s Rule. Very simply, the banks, whose lending determined deposits after Roosevelt, and were a public service became private enterprises whose deposits determine lending. These underlay the great moderation preceding 2006, and the subsequent crash.

The Economic Institutions of Capitalism

This handbook looks to provide academics and students with a comprehensive and holistic understanding of the phenomenon of innovation. Innovation spans a number of fields within the social sciences and humanities: Management, Economics, Geography, Sociology, Politics, Psychology, and History. Consequently, the rapidly increasing body of literature on innovation is characterized by a multitude of perspectives based on, or cutting across, existing disciplines and specializations. Scholars of innovation can come from such diverse starting points that much of this literature can be missed, and so constructive dialogues missed. The editors of The Oxford Handbook of Innovation have carefully selected and designed twenty-one contributions from leading academic experts within their particular field, each focusing on a specific aspect of innovation. These have been organized into four main sections, the first of which looks at the creation of innovations, with particular focus on firms and networks. Section Two provides an account of the wider systematic setting influencing innovation and the role of institutions and organizations in this context. Section Three explores some of the diversity in the working of innovation over time and across different sectors of the economy, and Section Four focuses on the consequences of innovation with respect to economic growth, international competitiveness, and employment. An introductory overview, concluding remarks, and guide to further reading for each chapter, make this handbook a key introduction and vital reference work for researchers, academics, and advanced students of innovation. Contributors to this volume - Jan Fagerberg, University of Oslo William Lazonick, INSEAD Walter W. Powell, Stanford University Keith Pavitt, SPRU Alice Lam, Brunel University Keith Smith, INTECH Charles Edquist, Linkoping David Mowery, University of California, Berkeley Mary O'Sullivan, INSEAD Ove Granstrand, Chalmers Bjorn Asheim, University of Lund Rajneesh Narula, Copenhagen Business School Antonello Zanfei, Urbino Kristine Bruland, University of Oslo Franco Malerba, University of Bocconi Nick Von Tunzelmann, SPRU Ian Miles, University of Manchester Bronwyn Hall, University of California, Berkeley Bart Verspagen , ECIS Francisco Louca, ISEG Manuel M. Godinho, ISEG Richard R. Nelson, Mario Pianta, Urbino Bengt-Ake Lundvall, Aalborg

The Oxford Handbook of Innovation

What makes organizations so similar? We contend that the engine of rationalization and bureaucratization has moved from the competitive marketplace to the state and the professions. Once a set of organizations emerges as a field, a paradox arises: rational actors make their organizations increasingly similar as they try to change them. We describe three isomorphic processes-coercive, mimetic, and normative—leading to this outcome. We then specify hypotheses about the impact of resource centralization and dependency, goal ambiguity and technical uncertainty, and professionalization and structuration on isomorphic change. Finally, we suggest implications for theories of organizations and social change.

The iron cage revisited: Institutional isomorphism and collective rationality in organizational fields (Chinese Translation)

PurposeThe aim of this article is to review the literature on fertility tourism in terms of social policy implications. There has been a global growth in interest in fertility tourism, especially amongst these in developed countries travelling to developing countries for fertility needs. Due to women's increased involvement in the workforce and changing societal norms, the age at which females start having children has risen resulting in a need for many to seek fertility help. These developments have led to a growth in fertility tourism and related services.Design/methodology/approachThe authors undertake a systematic literature review on fertility tourism to identify cognate research themes that relate to social policies such as assisted reproduction facilities, medical tourism and changing societal attitudes.FindingsThe findings of the study have important implications for social policy particularly regarding the tourism and health industry, practitioners and policymakers. This involves focussing on new geographic regions that are underrepresented in current research but have a high interest in fertility tourism. Currently much of the research is centred around western contexts but as evident in our review newly emerging markets in countries that have high infertility rates requires further attention. In addition, the authors provide directions for future research avenues that focus on how to evaluate changing social policies with regards to reproductive choices.Originality/valueWhilst there has been much discussion in the media about fertility tourism there is limited knowledge about social policies related to human reproductive systems, so this article is amongst the first to discuss societal implications.

Fertility tourism: A systematic review

The Development of E-Commerce Management for the Book Industry

The current economic scenario is being characterized by the dawn of advanced digital technologies, such as the Internet of Things, Big Data, Business Analytics, Advanced Manufacturing, Industry 4.0/5.0, Cloud and Cyber-solutions and Artificial Intelligence, all of which represent a disruptive innovation that paves the way for radical changes in all activities by offering new innovative opportunities and solutions for thriving in a new competitive scenario. Consequently, a new paradigm has emerged, named “Digital Transformation” (DT), which highlights the sweeping changes that firms, organizations and society in general are undertaking to respond to digitization (Mariani & Wamba, 2020; Nambisan, 2017; Sjödin et al., 2020). Digital technologies are disruptive within organizations (both public and private) by way of enabling automation of data processing and timely and effective decision-making processes, as well as innovative ways to create value. Academics and practitioners alike have indicated a steadily growing interest toward analyzing and understanding the different and multifaceted dimensions, perspectives, sectors and dynamics that are intrinsic to DT (Nambisan et al., 2017; Ndou et al., 2021). It's worth noting that DT is a subject of considerable relevance for many different sectors, such as the tourism and health sector (Annosi et al., 2020; Ndou et al., 2022; Sikandar et al., 2022), as well as being pivotal in addressing social problems and in the improvement of the environmental sustainability; DTs impact the ways and mechanisms by which waste, pollution, production, and urbanism are managed and controlled (Feroz et al., 2021). Extensive studies report the unsettled impacts that DT has on business models and value creation (Ratten, 2014; Urbinati et al., 2018), for business practices and processes (Centobelli & Ndou, 2019; Guenzi & Habel, 2020; Hysa et al., 2020; Klein et al., 2020), product and service innovation, new customers and/or markets (Ferreira et al., 2017), capabilities and competencies to improve customer experience involvement in the innovation process (Nambisan et al., 2017) and business performance outcomes (Millán et al., 2021). DT is triggering a new competitive scenario and is part of a global race for innovation, skills, competencies, investment, and knowledge and research (OECD, 2020). However, leading successful DT is not an easy task because in some ways it challenges traditional linear approaches by which companies are faced with the new and iterative advances that are needed for the volatile digital economy (Li, 2020). The Covid-19 pandemic has caused an acceleration of digital technology adoption on a wider scale, forcing companies, customers, and society to make massive use of the technology. As a result, digital transformation is no longer simply an option but it is a competitive and innovative factor that is critical for public and private organizations, as well as for countries and regions. Also, the new post-pandemic recovery strategies consider digital transition as an essential component for hastening the transformation of economies (e.g. Next Generation EU, Recovery plan for Europe, EU, 2021). The purpose of this editorial paper is to provide an overview of the contributions that have been presented in the special issue titled “Industry 4.0 and digital transformation in the Balkan countries.” The special issue aims to extend and consolidate this emerging research area by mainly exploring how developing countries are dealing with digital transformation and how it impacts innovation and competitiveness. We have invited scholars to present their research that deals with the main emerging impacts and issues and impacts of new digital technologies within both the private sector (tourism, agri-food, health, to give examples etc) and the public sector; the role of digital technologies for research and education; the understanding of how DT can contribute to environmental and sustainable objectives as well as a general comprehension of the emerging issues around DT. Within this editorial we will present 4 papers that span from contributions related to the set of skills and capabilities that are necessary within for firms in order for them to be able to manage DTs up to Fintech approaches and experiences, digital transformation readiness of firms and eLearning experiences.

Digital transformation experiences in the Balkan countries

The purpose of this article is to study risk management planning and risk management in Portuguese companies. The methodology used is of a quantitative nature, based on a questionnaire survey that analyzes the risk management planning and risk management of 1647 Portuguese companies from different sectors of activity. The results allow us to conclude that the aspects that most manifest themselves in the perceptions of risk management planning are having a management plan that includes the relationship with customers, suppliers, and employees, as well as an updated security plan. This study intends to contribute to academic knowledge and for companies to know and master the concepts of risk management planning and risk management in its different aspects, helping the adoption of strategies to better plan risk management. The results make it possible to understand the differences in planning and risk management between larger and smaller companies, between older and younger companies, and between family and non-family companies. These results can contribute to increasing corporate sustainability and improving performance in planning and managing corporate risks.

https://www.mdpi.com/1911-8074/16/7/314/pdf?version=1687962130

Risk Planning and Management in Portuguese Companies—A Statistical Approach

The purpose of this study is to assess the perception of middle-level managers on the internal factors that may influence or condition their entrepreneurial behavior in organizations. The study develops and tests the Corporate Entrepreneurship Assessment Instrument that allows to identify the internal conditions that influence the participation of middle-level management in the activities of organizational entrepreneurship. The sample consists of 66 middle-level managers with functions in nonfinancial companies with activity in Portugal. In the data analysis, descriptive analysis and statistical inference techniques were used. Intrapreneurship is a means by which companies can develop the capacity of their employees to innovate. Middle-level managers present positive levels of perception regarding the internal environment of the organization and in the discretion at work, where the results are more positive. The study suggests that intrapreneurship has effects on entrepreneurship in organizations. This is useful to understand the behaviors of organizations toward their entrepreneurial orientations and for managers of the middle-level level in order to obtain support for their decisions. The reduced number of data obtained limits the range and depth of the theme exploration. The corporate entrepreneurship assessment instrument (CEAI) instrument is reliable. However, it was not possible to validate for the Portuguese population due to the low number of responses. This emphasizes the importance of future research with the CEAI. This study contributes to a greater understanding of the advantages of organizations having an entrepreneurial culture as a factor to increase their competitiveness.

Vanessa Ratten

Papers

Fertility tourism: A systematic review

The Development of E-Commerce Management for the Book Industry

Digital transformation experiences in the Balkan countries

Risk Planning and Management in Portuguese Companies—A Statistical Approach

The perception of middle managers on the organizational environment for the promotion of entrepreneurship and innovation activities in organizations