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Warren L. Butler
Researcher at University of California, San Diego
Publications - 127
Citations - 9708
Warren L. Butler is an academic researcher from University of California, San Diego. The author has contributed to research in topics: Photosystem II & Photosystem I. The author has an hindex of 52, co-authored 127 publications receiving 9491 citations. Previous affiliations of Warren L. Butler include National Institutes of Health & United States Department of Agriculture.
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Journal ArticleDOI
Energy distribution in the photochemical apparatus of Porphyridium cruentum in state I and state II
Arthur C. Ley,Warren L. Butler +1 more
TL;DR: Low temperature emission spectra of cells frozen state I and state II confirmed that a larger fraction of the excitation energy is delivered to Photosystem II in state I while calculations indicated that the photochemical rate constant for such energy transfer was approximately twice as large in state II.
Journal ArticleDOI
Tripartite model for the photochemical apparatus of green plant photosynthesis
TL;DR: Equations for fluorescence and the rates of photochemistry of photosystem I and photosystem II are derived from a photochemical model for the photosynthetic apparatus and provide new and credible insights into the photochemical apparatus of photosynthesis.
Journal ArticleDOI
The b-type cytochromes of bovine heart mitochondria: Absorption spectra, enzymatic properties, and distribution in the electron transfer complexes
TL;DR: Results indicate that b560 and b562 correspond, respectively, to bK and bT previously described by Chance et al., and Antimycin A treatment does not appear to alter the spectra of the above cytochromes.
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Effects of red and far-red light on the fluorescence yield of chlorophyll in vivo
TL;DR: The effects of red and far-red light on the fluorescence yield of chlorophyll a are thought to be another manifestation of the second Emerson effect.