Agent-based modelling and simulation (ABMS) is a relatively new approach to modelling systems composed of autonomous, interacting agents. Agent-based modelling is a way to model the dynamics of complex systems and complex adaptive systems. Such systems often self-organize themselves and create emergent order. Agent-based models also include models of behaviour (human or otherwise) and are used to observe the collective effects of agent behaviours and interactions. The development of agent modelling tools, the availability of micro-data, and advances in computation have made possible a growing number of agent-based applications across a variety of domains and disciplines. This article provides a brief introduction to ABMS, illustrates the main concepts and foundations, discusses some recent applications across a variety of disciplines, and identifies methods and toolkits for developing agent models.

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Tutorial on agent-based modelling and simulation

Different researchers hold different views of what the term meta-learning exactly means. The first part of this paper provides our own perspective view in which the goal is to build self-adaptive learners (i.e. learning algorithms that improve their bias dynamically through experience by accumulating meta-knowledge). The second part provides a survey of meta-learning as reported by the machine-learning literature. We find that, despite different views and research lines, a question remains constant: how can we exploit knowledge about learning (i.e. meta-knowledge) to improve the performance of learning algorithms? Clearly the answer to this question is key to the advancement of the field and continues being the subject of intensive research.

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A perspective view and survey of meta-learning

Ten years of genetic fuzzy systems: current framework and new trends

Complex adaptive systems (cas) – systems that involve many components that adapt or learn as they interact – are at the heart of important contemporary problems. The study of cas poses unique challenges: Some of our most powerful mathematical tools, particularly methods involving fixed points, attractors, and the like, are of limited help in understanding the development of cas. This paper suggests ways to modify research methods and tools, with an emphasis on the role of computer-based models, to increase our understanding of cas.

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Studying Complex Adaptive Systems

Fuzzy Rule-Based Systems Evolutionary Computation Introduction to Genetic Fuzzy Systems Genetic Tuning Processes Learning with Genetic Algorithms Genetic Fuzzy Rule-Based Systems Based on the Michigan Approach Genetic Fuzzy Rule-Based Systems Based on the Pittsburgh Approach Genetic Fuzzy Rule-Based Systems Based on the lterative Rule Learning Approach Other Genetic Fuzzy Rule-Based System Other Kinds of Evolutionary Fuzzy Systems Applications.

Genetic Fuzzy Systems: Evolutionary Tuning And Learning Of Fuzzy Knowledge Bases

Basics.- What Is a Learning Classifier System?.- A Roadmap to the Last Decade of Learning Classifier System Research (From 1989 to 1999).- State of XCS Classifier System Research.- An Introduction to Learning Fuzzy Classifier Systems.- Advanced Topics.- Fuzzy and Crisp Representations of Real-Valued Input for Learning Classifier Systems.- Do We Really Need to Estimate Rule Utilities in Classifier Systems?.- Strength or Accuracy? Fitness Calculation in Learning Classifier Systems.- Non-homogeneous Classifier Systems in a Macro-evolution Process.- An Introduction to Anticipatory Classifier Systems.- A Corporate XCS.- Get Real! XCS with Continuous-Valued Inputs.- Applications.- XCS and the Monk's Problems.- Learning Classifier Systems Applied to Knowledge Discovery in Clinical Research Databases.- An Adaptive Agent Based Economic Model.- The Fighter Aircraft LCS: A Case of Different LCS Goals and Techniques.- Latent Learning and Action Planning in Robots with Anticipatory Classifier Systems.- The Bibliography.- A Learning Classifier Systems Bibliography.

Learning Classifier Systems, From Foundations to Applications

Learning Classifier Systems

We asked "What is a Learning Classifier System" to some of the best-known researchers in the field. These are their answers.

What Is a Learning Classifier System

Anticipatory Classifier Systems (ACS) are classifier systems that learn by using the cognitive mechanism of anticipatory behavioral control which was introduced in cognitive psychology by Hoffmann [4]. They can learn in deterministic multi-step environments. A stepwise introduction to ACS is given. We start with the basic algorithm and apply it in simple "woods" environments. It will be shown that this algorithm can only learn in a special kind of deterministic multi-step environments. Two extensions are discussed. The first one enables an ACS to learn in any deterministic multistep environment. The second one allows an ACS to deal with a special kind of non-Markov state.

An Introduction to Anticipatory Classifier Systems

The various modifications and extensions of the anticipatory classifier system (ACS) recently led to the introduction of ACS2, an enhanced and modified version of ACS. This chapter provides an overview over the system including all parameters as well as framework, structure, and environmental interaction. Moreover, a precise description of all algorithms in ACS2 is provided.

Wolfgang Stolzmann

Papers

Learning Classifier Systems, From Foundations to Applications

Learning Classifier Systems

What Is a Learning Classifier System

An Introduction to Anticipatory Classifier Systems

An Algorithmic Description of XCS