Showing papers by "Wolfgang Wagner published in 1998"

Social Representations and beyond: Brute Facts, Symbolic Coping and Domesticated Worlds:

Abstract: Social representation theory is scrutinized for its capacity to ask new questions and to give new answers to social psychological problems. Its social constructionist implications and relationship to brute facts are investigated. It is shown that social representations result from collective symbolic coping with 'brute' facts. Consequently representations create the domesticated world of social objects which implies considering activity as part of a representation. Culture change in modern societies is shown to produce 'cognitive polyphasia' by adding alternative representations to existing ones instead of replacing them.

A Reference Quality Equation of State for Nitrogen

Abstract: A new formulation describing the thermodynamic properties of nitrogen has been developed. New data sets which have been used to improve the representation of the p–ρ–T surface of gaseous, liquid and supercritical nitrogen, including the saturated states are now available. New measurements on the speed of sound from spherical resonators have been used to improve the accuracy of caloric properties in gaseous and supercritical nitrogen. State-of-the-art algorithms for the optimization of the mathematical structure of the equation and special functional forms for an improved description of the critical region were used to represent even the most accurate data within their experimental uncertainty. The uncertainty in density of the new reference equation of state ranges from ±0.01% between 270 and 350 K at pressures less than 12MPa, within ±0.02% over all other temperatures less than 550 K and pressures less than 12 MPa, and up to a maximum of ±0.6% at the highest pressures. The equation is valid from the triple point to temperatures of 1000 K and pressures up to 2200 MPa. The new formulation yields a reasonable extrapolation up to the limits of chemical stability of nitrogen as indicated by comparison to experimental shock tube data. Constraints regarding the structure of the equation ensure reasonable extrapolated properties up to temperatures and pressures of 5000 K and 25 GPa. For typical calibration applications, the new reference equation is supplemented by a simple but also highly accurate formulation, valid only for supercritical nitrogen between 270 and 350 K at pressures up to 30 MPa.

Properties of water and steam : the industrial standard IAPWS-IF97 for the thermodynamic properties and supplementary equations for other properties : tables based on these equations = Zustandsgrössen von Wasser und Wasserdampf : der Industrie-Standard IAPW-IF97 für die thermodynamischen Zustandsgrössen und ergänzende Gleichungen für andere Eigenschaften : Tafeln auf der Grundlage dieser Gleichungen

Abstract: Nomenclature. Formelverzeichnis * Part A (English) Equations for the Calculation of the Thermophysical Properties of Water and Steam. - Introduction. - Reference Constants * IAPWS Industrial Formulation 1997 for the Thermodynamic Properties of Water and Steam * Equations for Transport Properties and other Properties. - References. Teil B (Deutsch): Gleichungen fur die Berechnung der thermophysikalischen Eigenschaften von Wasser und Wasserdampf * Einleitung * Referenzkonstanten * Die IAPWS Industrie-Formulation 1997 fur die thermodynamischen Eigenschaften von Wasser und Wasserdampf * Gleichungen fur die Transportgroben und fur andere Eigenschaften * Literatur. Part C/Teil C (bilingual/zweisprachig): Tables of the Properties of Water and Steam. Tafeln der Zustandsgroben von Wasser und Wasserdampf.

Measurement of the t(t)over-bar production cross section in p(p)over-bar collisions at root s=1.96 TeV

Abstract: We measure the t (t) over bar production cross section in p (p) over bar collisions at root s = 1.96 TeV in the lepton + jets channel. Two complementary methods discriminate between signal and background: b tagging and a kinematic likelihood discriminant. Based on 0.9 fb(-1) of data collected by the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider, we measure sigma(t (t) over bar) = 7.62 +/- 0.85 pb, assuming the current world average m(t) = 172.6 GeV. We compare our cross section measurement with theory predictions to determine a value for the top-quark mass of 170 +/- 7 GeV.

Amifostine: a radioprotector in locally advanced head and neck tumors.

Abstract: Patients with locally advanced head and neck tumors were treated + amifostine (200 mg/m 2 , i.v.) before radiotherapy (5x 2 Gy, for 6 weeks). A significant decrease in side effects (p=0.034) using the oral assessment score and duration of mucositis (p=0.02) in the amifostine group was observed. Amifostine is feasible and effective, decreasing acute and late side effects in patients with head and neck tumors.

First experience and results from the HERA-B vertex detector system

Abstract: The HERA-B collaboration is building a detector to realize the ambitious goal of observing CP violation in decays of neutral B-mesons. A central element of the apparatus is the silicon vertex detector used to selectively trigger on these decays in a high charged particle multiplicity background environment and to reconstruct secondary vertices from such decays with high precision. The vertex detector, the supporting infrastructure and first results using prototype detectors are described. Results include imaging of the proton interaction region on the HERA-B target, hit distributions in the detector planes, and alignment of the detectors with each other and the target. ( 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Gluing silicon with silicone

Abstract: Problems and solutions concerning the gluing of silicon detectors are discussed. The R & D work for the HERA- B vertex detector system led to gluing studies with epoxy and silicone-based adhesives used on ceramics and carbon fibre. The HERA- B solution using a silicone glue is presented.

Simultaneous Optimization as a Method to Establish Generalized Functional Forms for Empirical Equations of State

Abstract: A new algorithm for the optimization of functional forms of empirical equations of state is presented which considers data sets of different substances simultaneously. In this way, functional forms for empirical equations of state can be developed which yield, on average, the best representation of the thermo-dynamic properties of all substances within larger groups of substances (e.g., “nonpolar” and “polar” substances). The new algorithm is being used to develop a new class of empirical equations of state which meet typical technical requirements on the accuracy of thermodynamic properties with only about 10 fittable coefficients. The first results for nonpolar fluids are reported.

Analysis of long-term survival in patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

Abstract: Neoadjuvant combined radiochemotherapy followed by definitive tumor resection improved survival in patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Fifty-four patients (NSCLC IIIa + IIIb) were treated with combined radiochemotherapy within a phase I/II study. Twenty-six patients had been resected after combined neoadjuvant treatment and this group was evaluated concerning long-term survival. The median survival for patients with stage IIIa tumor was calculated to be 26 months and 13 months for patients with IIIb status. Patients with no viable tumor cells in the mediastinal lymph nodes had a significantly better survival probability than patients with residual microscopic lymph node disease (p=0.038). Patients with no viable tumor cells had a 1-year (2-year) survival rate of 100% (60%) versus 58% (42%) for patients with residual microscopic tumor in the mediastinal nodes. No significant difference between the N1- and the N2-status was seen. Hence, response to neo-adjuvant radiochemotherapy seems to be an additional important prognostic factor in patients with advanced NSCLC.

Modified neoadjuvant therapy regime with low dose irradiation in advanced head and neck cancer patients : Preliminary results of a pilot study to minimize side effects

Abstract: We analysed the files of 52 patients with advanced head and neck tumors who were treated in a pilot phase. The therapy consisted of two courses of induction chemotherapy with ifosfamide and cisplatin followed by hyperfractionated-accelerated radiotherapy with a total dose of only 30 Gy. Surgery was performed within the following 7 days with tumor resection and neck dissection. Histologically we found in 50% of the specimens total necrosis of the tumor. The median survival time is calculated to be 22 months. The median follow-up time thus far is 36 months. Hence, therapy results are comparable to other therapy schedules. But side effects, especially late side effects had become minor. Therefore, our therapy regime results in augmentation of the quality of life of these patients.

Land cover effects on ERS scatterometer data

Abstract: Land cover effects on ERS scatterometer data are investigated by comparing backscatter parameters with statistics derived from the CORINE land cover classes of the Iberian Peninsula. Although built-up areas, water bodies, and rocky surfaces are important most of the spatial variability of the ERS scatterometer signal can be explained by the percent area of translucent vegetation (grasses, agricultural crops) and non-transparent vegetation (forest, bushes, and shrubs) within the resolution cell of the sensor.

From method to critique : a reply to Vonk and van Vliet

Abstract: Vonk & van Vliet (1998) criticise the methods used in the study by Wagner, Elejabarrieta & Lahnsteiner (1995). They conclude that methodological flaws render some findings of the study invalid. It is shown that those flaws are in fact not present and that the remaining part of the conceptual critique is at least debatable. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Gleichungen für die Transportgrößen und für andere Eigenschaften

Abstract: Neben der Entwicklung von internationalen Standardgleichungen fur die thermodynamischen Zustandsgrosen von Wasser und Wasserdampf hat die IAPWS auch die Entwicklung von Gleichungen fur die Transportgrosen und fur andere Eigenschaften initiiert und koordiniert. Als Ergebnis dieser Arbeiten werden in den Abschn. 4.1 und 4.2 die neuesten IAPWS-Gleichungen fur die Transportgrosen dynamische Viskositat und Warmeleitfahigkeit und in den Abschn. 4.3 bis 4.5 die IAPWS-Gleichungen fur die Eigenschaften Oberflachenspannung, statische Dielektrizitatskonstante und Brechungsindex angegeben. Mit Ausnahme der Oberflachenspannung enthalten die Gleichungen fur alle anderen aufgezahlten Zustandsgrosen die Dichte als eine der Eingangs variablen. Wenn diese Zustandsgrosen — wie es industriell der Normalfall ist — fur vorgegebene Werte von Druck und Temperatur berechnet werden sollen, mus immer zunachst die Dichte bestimmt werden. Diese Berechnungen der Dichte sollten mit der Industrie-Formulation IAPWS-IF97 [9] durchgefuhrt werden, die in Kap. 3 beschrieben ist. In dieser Weise wurden die Werte der Transportgrosen und der anderen Eigenschaften in den entsprechenden Tafeln in Teil C dieses Buches berechnet.