Isolation and analysis of ginseng: advances and challenges

Traditional uses, botany, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology of Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F.H. Chen: A review.

Saponins in the genus Panax L. (Araliaceae): A systematic review of their chemical diversity

Introduction: Among the notable breakthroughs in the past two decades of research in natural drug discovery is the identification of saponins (saponins in Panax notoginseng, PNS) as the primary ingredient of Panax notoginseng, an iconic herbal medicine in East Asia. Increasing evidences suggest that PNS have versatile effects against a variety of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), leading to four clinical trials completed and/or underway. There is a timely need to summarize our current understanding of these natural compounds. Areas covered: In this review, the authors summarize and critically appraise the latest literature (mainly since 2008), which study PNS as potential therapeutic agents against CVDs. Furthermore, they introduce the structures of major PNS types, analyze their cellular targets and associated signaling pathways and discuss the emerging opportunities for their clinical applications. A major focus here is on how these compounds affect the cardiovascular system via diverse mechanisms of acti...

Saponins of Panax notoginseng: chemistry, cellular targets and therapeutic opportunities in cardiovascular diseases

The processing of Panax notoginseng and the transformation of its saponin components

Two new dammarane-type triterpenoidal saponins, notoginsenosides FP1 (1) and FP2 (2), were isolated from the fruit pedicels of Panax notoginseng, along with 22 known compounds. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic evidences and chemical methods. The known compounds were identified as ginsenosides Rg(1) (3), Re (4), Rb-3 (5), Re (6), Rd (7), Rb-2 (8), Rb-1 (9), F-2 (10), and F-1 (11); as notoginsenosides R-1 (12), Fa (13), and Fc (14); as vina-ginsenoside R-7 (15); as gypenosides IX (16), XVII (17), and XIII (18), and as chikusetsusaponin-L-5 (19), quercetin 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 -> 2)-beta-D-galactopyranoside (20), kaempferol 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1 -> 2)-beta-D-galactopyranoside (21), benzyl-beta-primeveroside (22), (S)-tryptophan (23), and icariside B-6 (24). Compounds 15, 19 and 22-24 are reported for the first time from the title plant.

Two New Dammarane-Type Bisdesmosides from the Fruit Pedicels of Panax notoginseng

Two new steroidal alkaloids, 23-methoxycyclopamine 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1) and isoecliptalbine (2), were isolated from the root and rhizoma of Veratrum maackii Regel, together with five known compounds, i.e., verussurine (3), verabenzoamine (4), verazine (5), isoverazine (6), and verazinine (7). Their structures were established by extensive analysis of spectroscopic data, as well as by comparison with literature data. Compounds 1–7 could cause DNA damage in the cerebellum and cerebral cortex of mice in a dose-dependent manner by using single-cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay).

Steroidal Alkaloids from Veratrum maackii Regel with Genotoxicity on Brain‐Cell DNA in Mice

Two new steroidal alkaloids (I) and (II) are isolated from the root and rhizoma of Veratrum maackii together with five known compounds.

Xian-You Wang

Papers

Two New Dammarane-Type Bisdesmosides from the Fruit Pedicels of Panax notoginseng

Steroidal Alkaloids from Veratrum maackii Regel with Genotoxicity on Brain‐Cell DNA in Mice

Steroidal Alkaloids from Veratrum maackii with Genotoxicity on Brain‐Cell DNA in Mice.

Further Study on Chemical Constituents from the Seeds of Michelia hedyosperma

Further Study on Chemical Constituents from the Seeds of Michelia hedyosperma