http://sourcedb.xtbg.cas.cn/zw/lw/201312/P020131220579561830195.pdf

Ultrasound-enhanced conversion of biomass to biofuels

The use of ultrasound for enzymatic preparation of ACE-inhibitory peptides from wheat germ protein

https://rke.abertay.ac.uk/ws/files/8531848/BremnerBiotechnologyAdvAuthor2011.pdf

Stimulation of bioprocesses by ultrasound.

The influence of ultrasound processing on the physicochemical characteristics of pineapple juice was investigated through an experimental design changing ultrasound time and intensity. After processing, the polyphenoloxidase (PPO) activity in the pineapple juice was reduced by 20% as result of the treatment with longer exposure and higher intensity (376 W/cm2 and 10 min). The effect on phenolic compounds compared to the fresh pineapple juice (non-sonicated) was not statistically significant. Ultrasound processing reduced juice viscosity by 75% of the initial value (non-sonicated juice). The higher the ultrasound intensity and the juice exposure (processing time), the higher the final temperature of the juice, reaching a maximum of 54 °C. Ultrasound processing enhanced the juice color and its stabilization along 42 days of storage compared to the non-sonicated juice. Thermal treatment at the highest temperature reached due to juice sonication (54 °C) showed no effect on PPO inactivation.

High-Intensity Ultrasound Processing of Pineapple Juice

Biodiesel has provided an eco-friendly solution to fuel crisis, as it is renewable, biodegradable and a non-toxic fuel that can be easily produced through enzymatic transesterification of vegetable oils and animal fats. Enzymatic production of biodiesel has many advantages over the conventional methods as high yields can be obtained at low reaction temperatures with easy recovery of glycerol. Microbial lipases are powerful biocatalysts for industrial applications including biodiesel production at lower costs due to its potential in hydrolyzing waste industrial materials. Among them, lipases from yeasts, Candida antarctica, Candida rugosa, Cryptococcus sp., Trichosporon asahii and Yarrowia lipolytica are known to catalyze such reactions. Moreover, stepwise addition of methanol in a three step, two step and single step reactions have been developed using yeast lipases to minimize the inhibitory effects of methanol. The latest trend in biodiesel production is the use of whole-cell as biocatalysts, since the process requires no downstream processing of the enzyme. Synthesis of value added products from the byproduct glycerol further reduces the production cost of biodiesel. This review aims at compiling the information on various yeast lipase catalyzed transesterification reactions for greener production of biodiesel.

Enzymatic transesterification for production of biodiesel using yeast lipases: An overview

The effect of ultrasound on lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis of soy oil in solvent-free system.

Kinetic study on the effect of ultrasound on lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis of soy oil: Study of the interfacial area and the initial rates.

Esterification of oleic acid with methanol was investigated using tungstophosphoric acid (H3PW12O40) immobilized on the 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (H2N(CH2)3Si(OC2H5)3) functionalized palygorskite. Among different loading catalysts, 15% (w/w) H3PW12O40 immobilized onto functionalized palygorskite showed stable and substantially high activity with about 90% oleic acid conversion. Immobilized catalysts were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and temperature programmed desorption of NH3 for their surface element compositions and chemical states, crystallization, and acid strength, respectively. Characterization results indicated that H3PW12O40 was chemically and uniformly dispersed on modified palygorskite.

The Synthesis of Methyl Oleate Catalyzed by Phosphotungstic Acid Immobilized on the Functionalized Palygorskite

Cs2.5H0.5PW12O40 supported on palygorskite (CsHPW/Pa) were synthesized and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy. CsHPW inside CsHPW/Pa was retained intact Keggin anion and highly and uniformly supported on the fiber of Pa, which performed stable catalytic activity for esterification of oleic acid with ethanol. Under optimum conditions, the following amounts were reached: 20%CsHPW/Pa catalyst, 80°C, 8 h, molar ratio (ethanol to oleic acid) 10:1, catalyst amount 8 wt% (in relation to the oleic acid mass), removal water agents amount 50 g/mol (basis on the oleic acid molar), and the conversion of oleic acid reached 73%.

Cs-substituted H3PW12O40 on Palygorskite Clay for Esterification of Oleic Acid with Ethanol

Bimodal coarse-grained (BCG) and unimodal ultrafine-grained (UUFG) Zn-0.5Mn alloys were prepared in this paper, and the mean grain sizes under two different conditions were approximately 1.20 and 0.40 µm, respectively. The remarkable difference in the microstructure of BCG and UUFG led to a substantial increase in ductility, and the latter’s maximum elongation-to-failure reached 266.2% ± 8.3% at room temperature (RT). Analysis of the microstructural features of the broken tensile sample longitudinal section showed that different from BCG, the grain size of UUFG sample decreased gradually from distal to proximal fracture. It also showed a marked grain elongation (growth) because ultrafine grains rotate during plastic deformation and could coalesce along the directions of shear, creating larger paths for dislocation movement, which may be the most important facts of obtaining RT superplasticity. The MnZn13 particles in UUFG had enhanced grain refining efficiency during uniaxial tension compared with those in BCG. Thus, UUFG microstructure remarkably increased the plasticity of Zn-0.5Mn alloy while the suitable temperature region for superplastic deformation was low, which is important for practical application. The investigation of short-term biocompatibility in vivo revealed that the bone biocompatibility of UUFG was quite good, which could induce early osteoid tissue deposition, and no distinguishable injury to the structure/function of the liver and the kidney was found. 

Yaxuan Liu

Papers

The effect of ultrasound on lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis of soy oil in solvent-free system.

Kinetic study on the effect of ultrasound on lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis of soy oil: Study of the interfacial area and the initial rates.

The Synthesis of Methyl Oleate Catalyzed by Phosphotungstic Acid Immobilized on the Functionalized Palygorskite

Cs-substituted H3PW12O40 on Palygorskite Clay for Esterification of Oleic Acid with Ethanol

Bimodal coarse-grained and unimodal ultrafine-grained biodegradable Zn-0.5Mn alloy: Superplastic mechanism and short-term biocompatibility in vivo