There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one. I remember first hearing about it at school. It seemed an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality.

Usually familiarity dulls this sense of the bizarre, but in the case of i it was the reverse: over the years the sense of its surreal nature intensified. It seemed that it was impossible to write mathematics that described the real world in …

I and i

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Flow The Psychology Of Optimal Experience

This paper presents a new reflectance model for rendering computer synthesized images. The model accounts for the relative brightness of different materials and light sources in the same scene. It describes the directional distribution of the reflected light and a color shift that occurs as the reflectance changes with incidence angle. The paper presents a method for obtaining the spectral energy distribution of the light reflected from an object made of a specific real material and discusses a procedure for accurately reproducing the color associated with the spectral energy distribution. The model is applied to the simulation of a metal and a plastic.

A reflectance model for computer graphics

Methods of manufacturing a liquid crystal device including depositing a layer of liquid crystal material on a substrate and imprinting a pattern on the layer of liquid crystal material using an imprint template are disclosed. The liquid crystal material can be jet deposited. The imprint template can include surface relief features, Pancharatnam-Berry Phase Effect (PBPE) structures or diffractive structures. The liquid crystal device manufactured by the methods described herein can be used to manipulate light, such as for beam steering, wavefront shaping, separating wavelengths and/or polarizations, and combining different wavelengths and/or polarizations.

Virtual and augmented reality systems and methods

In this work, we report the set-up and results of the Liver Tumor Segmentation Benchmark (LITS) organized in conjunction with the IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (ISBI) 2016 and International Conference On Medical Image Computing Computer Assisted Intervention (MICCAI) 2017. Twenty four valid state-of-the-art liver and liver tumor segmentation algorithms were applied to a set of 131 computed tomography (CT) volumes with different types of tumor contrast levels (hyper-/hypo-intense), abnormalities in tissues (metastasectomie) size and varying amount of lesions. The submitted algorithms have been tested on 70 undisclosed volumes. The dataset is created in collaboration with seven hospitals and research institutions and manually reviewed by independent three radiologists. We found that not a single algorithm performed best for liver and tumors. The best liver segmentation algorithm achieved a Dice score of 0.96(MICCAI) whereas for tumor segmentation the best algorithm evaluated at 0.67(ISBI) and 0.70(MICCAI). The LITS image data and manual annotations continue to be publicly available through an online evaluation system as an ongoing benchmarking resource.

The Liver Tumor Segmentation Benchmark (LiTS)

A novel digital historical heritage restoration approach is presented in this paper, which is based on photo-realistic 3D reconstruction from uncalibrated image sequences. Original images of the targets, such as statues, buildings, or culture relics, are captured with a hand-held camera and processed in three steps, which consists of preprocessing, sparse reconstruction and dense reconstruction. The reconstructed surface models can be preserved or exhibited as digital copies of the heritage; experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed approach and its potential to be applied in the field of historical heritage restoration.

Digital restoration of historical heritage by reconstruction from uncalibrated images

Simulation tools for light-field displays based on a micro-lens array

The invention discloses an image feature query method in combination with a gravity sensor and image feature point angles. A video camera with the gravity sensor is adopted for acquiring a target image, and an image sample with gravity information is obtained. A query image and the image sample are both processed to form an overall compact vector representation of the image sample by the following steps: extracting feature points, containing the gravity information, of the image; adding an angle calculated by a formula to each of angle attributes in all the extracted feature points for rotation, and performing bag-of-word model training on all the image feature points in the rotated image to obtain a plurality of cluster centers; and performing feature encoding on all the image feature points in the rotated image, mapping the feature points to the cluster centers, performing partitioning according to the feature point angles, performing feature aggregation on each partition, and forming the overall compact vector representation. With a nearest-neighbor search method, the image sample most matched with the query image is searched for.

Image feature query method in combination with gravity sensor and image feature point angles

Waveguide display systems are widely used in various display fields, especially in head mounted display. Comparing
with the traditional head mounted display system, this device dramatically reduce the size and mass. However, there are
still several fatal problems such as high scatting, the cumbersome design and chromatic aberration that should be solved.
We designed and fabricated a monochromatic portable eyewear display system consist of a comfortable eyewear device
and waveguide system with two holographic gratings located on the substrate symmetrically. We record the gratings on
the photopolymer medium with high efficiency and wavelength sensitivity. The light emitting from the micro-display is
diffracted by the grating and trapped in the glass substrate by total internal reflection. The relationship between the
diffraction efficiency and exposure value is studied and analyzed, and we fabricated the gratings with appropriate
diffraction efficiency in a optimization condition. To avoid the disturbance of the stray light, we optimize the waveguide
system numerically and perform the optical experiments. With this system, people can both see through the waveguide to
obtain the information outside and catch the information from the micro display. After considering the human body
engineering and industrial production, we design the structure in a compact and portable way. It has the advantage of
small-type configuration and economic acceptable. It is believe that this kind of planar waveguide system is a potentially
replaceable choice for the portable devices in future mobile communications.

A green-color portable waveguide eyewear display system

Shoulder instability is a major threat to people's daily life. Many patients suffer from shoulder instability such as the loss of the glenoid and humeral head. In clinical practice, an accurate 3D structure estimation of damaged joints is necessary to diagnose and treat bone defects. This study quantifies osteoarticular defects through the modeling and visualization of osteoarticular structures. An improved algorithm to extract the 3D structure of the bones is proposed. The bone contour is then automatically extracted using prior shape and gray scale intensity distribution of joint CT images. Joint structures with mirror symmetry are matched using the Iterative Closest Point registration algorithm. Osteoarticular defects can be quantified on the basis of the symmetric information of the bones. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can effectively segment the joint structures from the CT image. In addition, the proposed mirror symmetrical method can effectively estimate osteoarticular defects.

Yongtian Wang

Papers

Digital restoration of historical heritage by reconstruction from uncalibrated images

Simulation tools for light-field displays based on a micro-lens array

Image feature query method in combination with gravity sensor and image feature point angles

A green-color portable waveguide eyewear display system

Quantification of osteoarticular joint defects through bone segmentation and modeling.