Biological effects of essential oils - A review

https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2019/NP/C8NP00092A

Marine natural products.

The biaryl structural motif is a predominant feature in many pharmaceutically relevant and biologically active compounds. As a result, for over a century 1 organic chemists have sought to develop new and more efficient aryl -aryl bond-forming methods. Although there exist a variety of routes for the construction of aryl -aryl bonds, arguably the most common method is through the use of transition-metalmediated reactions. 2-4 While earlier reports focused on the use of stoichiometric quantities of a transition metal to carry out the desired transformation, modern methods of transitionmetal-catalyzed aryl -aryl coupling have focused on the development of high-yielding reactions achieved with excellent selectivity and high functional group tolerance under mild reaction conditions. Typically, these reactions involve either the coupling of an aryl halide or pseudohalide with an organometallic reagent (Scheme 1), or the homocoupling of two aryl halides or two organometallic reagents. Although a number of improvements have developed the former process into an industrially very useful and attractive method for the construction of aryl -aryl bonds, the need still exists for more efficient routes whereby the same outcome is accomplished, but with reduced waste and in fewer steps. In particular, the obligation to use coupling partners that are both activated is wasteful since it necessitates the installation and then subsequent disposal of stoichiometric activating agents. Furthermore, preparation of preactivated aryl substrates often requires several steps, which in itself can be a time-consuming and economically inefficient process.

http://aether.cmi.ua.ac.be/artikels/Artikels%20Gitte/Artikels/Reviews/Heck-Type-lautens.pdf

Aryl-aryl bond formation by transition-metal-catalyzed direct arylation.

The biochemistry and medical significance of the flavonoids.

Dietary phenolics: chemistry, bioavailability and effects on health.

It is the major object of this review to present the presently known naturally occurring terpenoids and aromatic compounds of the Hepaticae. Furthermore, the biological activity of the isolated compounds and chemosystematics of the Hepaticae are summarized.

Chemical Constituents of Hepaticae

https://www.gastrojournal.org/article/S0016-5085(14)00016-X/pdf

CD36- and GPR120-Mediated Ca2+ Signaling in Human Taste Bud Cells Mediates Differential Responses to Fatty Acids and Is Altered in Obese Mice

Screening of in vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of nine Hypericum species from the Balkans

Comparatively little attention has been paid to the bryophytes for use in the human diet or medicine in spite of the presence of 23 000 species globally. Several hundred new compounds have been isolated from the liverworts (Marchantiophyta), and more than 40 new carbon skeletons of terpenoids and aromatic compounds were found. Most of the liverworts studied elaborate characteristic odiferous, pungent, and bitter-tasting compounds, of which many show antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral, allergic contact dermatitis, cytotoxic, insecticidal, anti-HIV, plant growth regulatory, neurotrophic, NO production and superoxide anion radical release inhibitory, muscle relaxing, antiobesity, piscicidal, and nematocidal activities. The biological effects ascribed to the liverworts are mainly due to lipophilic sesqui- and diterpenoids, phenolic compounds, and polyketides, which are the principal constituents of their oil bodies. Some mosses and liverworts produce significant levels of vitamin B2 and tocopherols, as well...

Chemical Constituents of Bryophytes: Structures and Biological Activity

Seven long-chain phenols were isolated from Ginkgo biloba L. Three of them, anacardic acid (Ib), bilobol (IIa), and cardanol (IIIa), showed antitumor activity against Sarcoma 180 ascites in mice. The antitumor effectiveness was rated (+ +) for Ib, (+ + +) for IIa, and (+ + +) for IIIa at 40 mg/kg/d by the total packed cell volume method.

Yoshinori Asakawa

Papers

Chemical Constituents of Hepaticae

CD36- and GPR120-Mediated Ca2+ Signaling in Human Taste Bud Cells Mediates Differential Responses to Fatty Acids and Is Altered in Obese Mice

Screening of in vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of nine Hypericum species from the Balkans

Chemical Constituents of Bryophytes: Structures and Biological Activity

Antitumor principles from Ginkgo biloba L.