There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one. I remember first hearing about it at school. It seemed an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality.

Usually familiarity dulls this sense of the bizarre, but in the case of i it was the reverse: over the years the sense of its surreal nature intensified. It seemed that it was impossible to write mathematics that described the real world in …

I and i

抗原变异可使得多种致病微生物易于逃避宿主免疫应答。表达在感染红细胞表面的恶性疟原虫红细胞表面蛋白1（PfPMP1）与感染红细胞、内皮细胞、树突状细胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用，在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作用。每个单倍体基因组var基因家族编码约60种成员，通过启动转录不同的var基因变异体为抗原变异提供了分子基础。

疟原虫var基因转换速率变化导致抗原变异[英]／Paul H, Robert P, Christodoulou Z, et al//Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

[Crohn's disease].

Recently, Kovalenko and co-workers and Li and co-workers developed CsPbX3 (X = Cl, Br, I) inorganic perovskite quantum dots (IPQDs), which exhibited ultrahigh photoluminescence (PL) quantum yields (QYs), low-threshold lasing, and multicolor electroluminescence. However, the usual synthesis needs high temperature, inert gas protection, and localized injection operation, which are severely against applications. Moreover, the so unexpectedly high QYs are very confusing. Here, for the first time, the IPQDs' room-temperature (RT) synthesis, superior PL, underlying origins and potentials in lighting and displays are reported. The synthesis is designed according to supersaturated recrystallization (SR), which is operated at RT, within few seconds, free from inert gas and injection operation. Although formed at RT, IPQDs' PLs have QYs of 80%, 95%, 70%, and FWHMs of 35, 20, and 18 nm for red, green, and blue emissions. As to the origins, the observed 40 meV exciton binding energy, halogen self-passivation effect, and CsPbX3@X quantum-well band alignment are proposed to guarantee the excitons generation and high-rate radiative recombination at RT. Moreover, such superior optical merits endow them with promising potentials in lighting and displays, which are primarily demonstrated by the white light-emitting diodes with tunable color temperature and wide color gamut.

CsPbX3 Quantum Dots for Lighting and Displays: Room-Temperature Synthesis, Photoluminescence Superiorities, Underlying Origins and White Light-Emitting Diodes

Light-Emitting Diodes. (Monographs in Electrical and Electronic Engineering.) By A. A. Bergh and P. J. Dean. Pp. viii+591. (Clarendon: Oxford; Oxford University: London, 1976.) £22.

/pdf/light-emitting-diodes-ubzde6g9qc.pdf

Light-emitting diodes

This paper presents an electrocardiogram (ECG) signal classification model based on Recurrent Convolutional Neural Network (RCNN). With recurrent connections and data buffers, a single convolutional layer is reused to implement multiple layers function. Using a 5-layers CNN network as an example, this approach reduces the number of parameters by more than 50% while achieving the same feature extraction size. Furthermore, quantized RCNN (QRCNN) is proposed where the input signal, interlayer output, and kernel weights are quantized to unsigned INT8, INT4, and signed INT4 respectively. For hardware implementation, pipelining and data reuse within the 1-D convolution kernel can potentially reduce latency. QRCNN model achieved 98.08% validation accuracy on MIT-BIH datasets with only 1% degradation due to quantization. The estimated dynamic power consumption of the QRCNN is less than 60% of a conventional quantized CNN when implemented on a Xilinx Artix-7 FPGA, showing the potential for resource-constraint edge devices.

Energy Efficient Software-hardware Co-design of Quantized Recurrent Convolutional Neural Network for Continuous Cardiac Monitoring

Infrared spectroscopy can provide fingerprints of most molecular compounds, which is widely used for detection of solid, liquid, and gas components with the advantages of fast response, high sensitivity, and specificity. However, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) system has a large size and is heavy in quality, which limits its potential for onsite detection applications. With the development of materials and technology, quantum cascade laser (QCL), as a kind of infrared coherent light source, has gradually appeared on the market, which provides the possibility to design a portable infrared spectroscopy system with the features of light weight and low cost. Therefore, based on the miniaturized QCL and infrared detector, we designed a portable infrared spectroscopy detection system with a bandwidth of 200 cm-1 (1168- 952 cm-1) in this paper. We successfully detected the infrared absorption characteristic peak of ethanol gas at 1060 cm-1 with this system, which verified its feasibility for detecting infrared spectroscopy of molecular compounds.

Design of a miniature infrared spectrum detection system based on quantum cascade laser

This work presents an edge-AI system built on capacitive ferroelectric random-access memory (FeRAM) crossbar array, which is compatible with CMOS backend-of-line (BEOL) fabrication process. A novel capacitive crossbar circuit and a ternary mapping technique are proposed. Compared to the conventional binary representation, the proposed ternary mapping improves the storage efficiency exponentially in weight resolution. The feasibility of neuromorphic computing system implemented on FeRAM crossbar array is explored with speech command classification task. A ResNet-32 model with 0.45M parameters is implemented on 64 × 64 FeRAM crossbar array with the measured FeRAM model. It achieved 97.12% inference accuracy with 2 ternary digits and 5% device variation on Google Speech Command dataset 35-command classification task.

A Ternary Weight Mapping and Charge-mode Readout Scheme for Energy Efficient FeRAM Crossbar Compute-in-Memory System

Ag2Te is a novel topological insulator system and a new candidate for plasmon resonance due to the existence of a Dirac cone in the low-energy region. Although the optical response spectrum of Ag2Te has been studied by theoretical and experimental methods, the plasmon resonance and stability of Co-doped Ag2Te remain elusive. Here, we theoretically report a new unconventional UV plasmon mode and its stability in Co-doped Ag2Te. Through density functional theory (DFT), we identify a deep UV plasmon mode within 15–40 eV, which results from the enhanced inter-band transition in this range. The deep UV plasmon is important for detection and lithography, but they have previously been difficult to obtain with traditional plasmon materials such as noble metals and graphene, while most of which only support plasmons in the visible and infrared spectra. Furthermore, we should highlight that the high-energy dielectric function is almost invariant under different doping amounts, indicating that the UV plasmon of Ag2Te is robust under Co doping. Our results predict a spectrum window of a robust deep UV plasmon mode for Ag2Te-related material systems.

https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/12/10/1469/pdf?version=1666011287

Robust UV Plasmonic Properties of Co-Doped Ag2Te

A 13.56 MHz active rectifier for wireless powered medical implants is presented in this paper. Only PMOS power transistors are used in the AC-DC interface in the active rectifier to prevent the inherent parasitic diode conduction that may lead to potential latch-up during the rectifier start-up period. To eliminate the reverse current introduced by the delay of comparator signal, a delay compensation loop is designed to dynamically adjust the rectifier at various DC output. A fully onchip $2 \times$ charge pump and capacitor assisted driver/sampling circuits are proposed to turn on/off the power PMOS in the rectifier. The rectifier is implemented in a standard 0.18-$\mu$ m CMOS process with a core active area of 0.4 mm $\times0.9$ mm. The measurement results show that this PMOS rectifier achieves peak power efficiency of 85% when load resistor is $500 \Omega$ and the DC output voltage range is 2V--3.5V.

Yuan Gao

Papers

Energy Efficient Software-hardware Co-design of Quantized Recurrent Convolutional Neural Network for Continuous Cardiac Monitoring

Design of a miniature infrared spectrum detection system based on quantum cascade laser

A Ternary Weight Mapping and Charge-mode Readout Scheme for Energy Efficient FeRAM Crossbar Compute-in-Memory System

Robust UV Plasmonic Properties of Co-Doped Ag2Te

A 13.56 MHz Active Rectifier with PMOS AC-DC Interface for Wireless Powered Medical Implants