https://microgridnews.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/Hafez-et-al-2012.pdf

Optimal planning and design of a renewable energy based supply system for microgrids

Selection of renewable energy sources for sustainable development of electricity generation system using analytic hierarchy process: A case of Malaysia

Due to different viewpoints, procedures, limitations, and objectives, the scheduling problem of distributed energy resources (DERs) is a very important issue in power systems. This problem can be solved by considering different frameworks. Microgrids and Virtual Power Plants (VPPs) are two famous and suitable concepts by which this problem is solved within their frameworks. Each of these two solutions has its own special significance and may be employed for different purposes. Therefore, it is necessary to assess and review papers and literature in this field. In this paper, the scheduling problem of DERs is studied from various aspects such as modeling techniques, solving methods, reliability, emission, uncertainty, stability, demand response (DR), and multi-objective standpoint in the microgrid and VPP frameworks. This review enables researchers with different points of view to look for possible applications in the area of microgrid and VPP scheduling.

A comprehensive review on microgrid and virtual power plant concepts employed for distributed energy resources scheduling in power systems

The deployment of energy storage systems (ESSs) is a significant avenue for maximising the energy efficiency of a distribution network, and overall network performance can be enhanced by their optimal placement, sizing, and operation. An optimally sized and placed ESS can facilitate peak energy demand fulfilment, enhance the benefits from the integration of renewables and distributed energy sources, aid power quality management, and reduce distribution network expansion costs. This paper provides an overview of optimal ESS placement, sizing, and operation. It considers a range of grid scenarios, targeted performance objectives, applied strategies, ESS types, and advantages and limitations of the proposed systems and approaches. While batteries are widely used as ESSs in various applications, the detailed comparative analysis of ESS technical characteristics suggests that flywheel energy storage (FES) also warrants consideration in some distribution network scenarios. This research provides recommendations for related requirements or procedures, appropriate ESS selection, smart ESS charging and discharging, ESS sizing, placement and operation, and power quality issues. Furthermore, this study identifies future research opportunities in relation to challenges for optimal ESS placement planning, development and implementation issues, optimisation techniques, social impacts, and energy security.

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Overview of energy storage systems in distribution networks: Placement, sizing, operation, and power quality

In the past, different energy systems were planned and managed independently. But nowadays the development of technologies such as efficient multi-generation system, lead to realizing the benefits of integrated energy infrastructure such as electricity, natural gas, and district heating (DH) networks, and thus a rapid movement toward multi-energy systems (MES). In such systems, different energy carriers and systems interact together in a synergistic way. However, consideration of such a concept requires a suitable tool for integrated management of the system components. Energy hub (EH) that can be defined as the place where the production, conversion, storage and consumption of different energy carriers takes place, is a promising option for integrated management of MES. This paper reviews the different concepts and models used in the literature for EH. The dominant structures used for energy hub models are studied and weaknesses, strengths, and challenges identified and discussed. This article, by identifying these challenges and introducing new options for use in energy hub models, discusses the potentials of energy hub concept, as a comprehensive model of sustainable energy systems in the future.

Energy hub: From a model to a concept – A review

Optimal planning of renewable energy-integrated electricity generation schemes with CO2 reduction target

Design of distributed energy system through Electric System Cascade Analysis (ESCA)

Energy storage (ES) is an important device to ensure operation stability and efficiency of a renewable energy based distributed energy generation (DEG) system. As such, many researchers have modelled the operation (scheduling) of energy storage in a DEG system, where it is mostly portrayed to operate on a daily cycle. In this paper, an analysis of the operation mode of energy storage is presented. Two modes of operation are defined, daily mode (DM) (ES operates in daily cycles) and weekly mode (WM) (ES operates in weekly cycles) which are modelled accordingly. This paper then attempts to analyse and compare between both modes in term of operation and cost. The analysis is performed through a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model programmed via the General Algebraic Modelling System (GAMS). In general, with high capital cost of ES, it is advisable to program the ES to operate in a DM. The reason to this conclusion is mainly due to three factors, intermittency of renewable resources, varying weather conditions, and discharge rate of ES(s).

Zarina Ab Muis

Papers

Optimal planning of renewable energy-integrated electricity generation schemes with CO2 reduction target

Design of distributed energy system through Electric System Cascade Analysis (ESCA)

Optimal scheduling of energy storage for renewable energy distributed energy generation system

Optimization of a standalone photovoltaic-based microgrid with electrical and hydrogen loads

A cleaner and greener fuel: Biofuel blend formulation and emission assessment