다중혈관 관상동맥 환자에서 y-문합을 이용하여 양쪽 내흉동맥만을 사용한 우회술의 조기 성적

[신간의 별자리x] 우리/미술, 그리고 ‘슬픔의 박물관’

https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2019/NP/C8NP00092A

Marine natural products.

CA : A Cancer Journal for Clinicians

SARS-CoV-2 is the seventh coronavirus known to infect humans; SARSCoV, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 can cause severe disease, whereas HKU1, NL63, OC43 and 229E are associated with mild symptoms6. Here we review what can be deduced about the origin of SARS-CoV-2 from comparative analysis of genomic data. We offer a perspective on the notable features of the SARS-CoV-2 genome and discuss scenarios by which they could have arisen. Our analyses clearly show that SARS-CoV-2 is not a laboratory construct or a purposefully manipulated virus.

/pdf/the-proximal-origin-of-sars-cov-2-5656d50yio.pdf

The proximal origin of SARS-CoV-2.

The gut microbiota is essential for host health and survival. Here, using samples from animals living in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, we recovered 119,568 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) that were clustered into 19,251 species-level genome bins (SGBs) of which most represent novel species. We present a novel mechanism shaping mammalian gut microbiomes using ancestral founder bacteria (AFB) as a core skeleton and recurring lineage-specific gains of microbial species that are transferred frequently among multiple hosts, not strictly limited by host phylogeny. Such lineage specific gains are responsible for increasing gut microbial diversity, maintaining functional stability, and endowing specific functions for host adaptions. Our analyses did not support the existence of co-phylogeny or co-speciation events between mammal hosts and their individual gut symbionts. The results presented in this study not only reveal novel unique gut microbial species and offer insight of value for understanding the diversity, stability, functionality of the mammalian gut microbiomes, and the co-evolution with their hosts, but also emphasize that animals living in extreme environments are a promising resource for the discovery of novel biological functions.

A Unified Catalog of 19,251 Non-human Reference Species Genomes Provides New Insights into the Mammalian Gut Microbiomes

Harnessing 3D in vitro systems to model immune responses to solid tumours: a step towards improving and creating personalized immunotherapies.

* Equal contributors. Received November 2, 2014; Accepted January 5, 2015; Epub January 15, 2015; Published February 1, 2015 Abstract: Tumor endothelial marker 7 (TEM7) is a new candidate of molecular target for antiangiogenic therapy. This study aims to evaluate its expression in gastric cancer (GC) and to explore the correlation between its expres- sion and the clinical outcome of patients. Expression of TEM7 was analyzed in both tumor tissues and cell lines of GC by real-time quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blot. RNA interference (RNAi) approaches were used to investigate the biological functions of TEM7. The effects of TEM7 on cell migration and invasion were evaluated by Transwell assays. In vitro experiments revealed that TEM7 was significantly overexpressed in GC cell lines (N87, AGS and SGC-7901) by 2-fold to 4-fold, and knockdown of TEM7 could significantly inhibit cancer cell migration and invasion. For GC patients, TEM7 gene expression was elevated in tumors in most cases (25/31), and its expression was closely correlated with tumor differentiation, depth of cancer invasion, lymphatic metastasis and TNM stage. The overall survival of TEM7 (-) group was significantly higher than that of TEM7 (+) group ( P = 0.048) and TEM7 (++) group (P = 0.003). TEM7 is highly expressed in GC and is likely correlated with tumor invasion and migration, and thus its expression is closely related to the clinical outcome of patients.

Original Article TEM7 (PLXDC1), a key prognostic predictor for resectable gastric cancer, promotes cancer cell migration and invasion

Disclosed are a method for preparing a benzopyran compound and uses in protecting against pulmonary fibrosis. The structural formula of the benzopyran compound is shown by formula (I), R1 being one selected from hydrogen, C1-C4 alkyl and residual groups of various amino acids after removing amino parts, R2 being one selected from hydrogen, C1-C4 alkyl and residual groups of various amino acids after removing amino parts, R3 being one selected from hydrogen, C1-C4 alkyl and residual groups of various amino acids after removing amino parts, and n being any integer of 1 to 4. The benzopyran compound is obtained from a fermentation liquid of Streptomyces xiamenensis (CGMCC No.5675) by extraction, separation and purification. The Streptomyces xiamenensis extract derivative prepared in the present invention has higher performance of inhibiting the proliferation and activity of health human lung fibroblasts, and can be used for preparing anti-pulmonary fibrosis drugs.

Method for preparing benzopyran compound and uses in protecting against pulmonary fibrosis

Transglutaminases (TGs) are multifunctional enzymes exhibiting transglutaminase crosslinking, as well as atypical GTPase/ATPase and kinase activities. Here, we used an integrated comprehensive analysis to assess the genomic, transcriptomic and immunological landscapes of TGs across cancers. Gene expression and immune cell infiltration patterns across cancers were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) datasets. Western blotting, immunofluorescence staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and orthotopic xenograft models were used to validate our database-derived results. We found that the overall expression of TGs (designated as the TG score) is significantly upregulated in multiple cancers and related to a worse patient survival. The expression of TG family members can be regulated through multiple mechanisms at the genetic, epigenetic and transcriptional levels. The expression of transcription factors crucial for epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is commonly correlated with the TG score in many cancer types. Importantly, TGM2 expression displays a close connection with chemoresistance to a wide range of chemotherapeutic drugs. We found that TGM2 expression, F13A1 expression and the overall TG score were positively correlated with the infiltration of immune cells in all cancer types tested. Functional and clinical verification revealed that a higher TGM2 expression is linked with a worse patient survival, an increased IC50 value of gemcitabine, and a higher abundance of tumor-infiltrating macrophages in pancreatic cancer. Mechanistically, we found that increased C–C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) release mediated by TGM2 contributes to macrophage infiltration into the tumor microenvironment. Our results reveal the relevance and molecular networks of TG genes in human cancers and highlight the importance of TGM2 in pancreatic cancer, which may provide promising directions for immunotherapy and for addressing chemoresistance. 

Transglutaminases are oncogenic biomarkers in human cancers and therapeutic targeting of TGM2 blocks chemoresistance and macrophage infiltration in pancreatic cancer.

Zhigang Zhang

Papers

A Unified Catalog of 19,251 Non-human Reference Species Genomes Provides New Insights into the Mammalian Gut Microbiomes

Harnessing 3D in vitro systems to model immune responses to solid tumours: a step towards improving and creating personalized immunotherapies.

Original Article TEM7 (PLXDC1), a key prognostic predictor for resectable gastric cancer, promotes cancer cell migration and invasion

Method for preparing benzopyran compound and uses in protecting against pulmonary fibrosis

Transglutaminases are oncogenic biomarkers in human cancers and therapeutic targeting of TGM2 blocks chemoresistance and macrophage infiltration in pancreatic cancer.