Showing papers by "Florida Atlantic University published in 1981"
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared several methods for generating stable reduced order models with an old and very simple method of reduction based on the truncation of the high order system transfer function.
Abstract: Recently published methods for generating stable reduced order models are compared with an old and very simple method of reduction based on the truncation of the high order system transfer function. Numerical examples show the truncation method, which requires no computation, to be as good as the other methods.
102 citations
TL;DR: This article examined gender differences in perceived chances of arrest for six familiar types of lawbreaking and found that women perceive systematically higher likelihood of arrest than men, and that differential visibility and differential stakes in conformity seem to be the most promising accounts for these differences.
Abstract: This paper examines gender differences in perceived chances of arrest for six familiar types of lawbreaking. Most crime theories predict that women should give higher arrest estimates than men, and we note five common explanations for this prediction. These include differential stakes in conformity, differential cognitive dissonance between gender role expectations and objective risks, differential perceived visibility, differential conventionality, and differential knowledge of crime and sanction. Survey data from a sample of U.S. adults show that women perceive systematically higher chances of arrest than do men, and that differential visibility and differential stakes in conformity seem to be the most promising accounts for these differences. At the same time, these variables are only modest predictors of overall individual patterns in perceived arrest risks. This suggests that much additional work on the patterns and determinants of risk perception is necessary before an adequate picture of more general variation in risk perceptions can be drawn. During the past decade social scientists have become especially interested in gender differences in the type and frequency of criminal behavior as well as in the differences in the ways males and females are processed by social control agencies (for example; Adler; Adler and Simon; Anderson; Armstrong; Bernstein et al.; Cernovich and Giordano; Chesney-Lind, a,b,c; Hindelang; Jensen and Eve; Klein; Norland and Shover; Simon; Simons et al.; Smart; Smith; Smith and Visher; Steffensmeier, a,b). But one of the most intriguing potential differences between males and females is that of deterrability (Anderson et al.; Burkett and Jensen; Jensen et al.; Sigelman and Sigelman; Silberman; Tittle; Tittle and Rowe). This is especially true because the deterrent argument involves an apparent anomaly concerning sex differences. The deterrence doctrine assumes that there is an inverse relationship between objective sanction risk and criminal activity (see Gibbs; Tittle, for bibliographies of recent research). These two variables are generally thought to be linked by individual perceptions of sanction risk; objective 01981 The University of North Carolina Press. 0037-7732/81/041182-99$01.80
71 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the influence of potential and nominal sea water velocity upon the nature of calcareous deposits formed upon a cathodic steel surface has been investigated, focusing on change with exposure time of the current density to maintain a prescribed cathodic potential and upon thickness of the calccareous film.
Abstract: The influence of potential and nominal sea water velocity upon the nature of calcareous deposits formed upon a cathodic steel surface has been investigated. Specific attention was focused upon change with exposure time of the current density to maintain a prescribed cathodic potential and upon thickness of the calcareous film. Equations have been developed whereby pH of the electrolyte adjacent to both a filmed and film-free surface can be rationalized in terms of cathodic current density and character of the electrolyte flow. Structure of calcareous deposits was investigated by scanning electron microscopy. Results are discussed within the frame of current understanding of marine cathodic protection and cathodic protection practices.
49 citations
TL;DR: Results were consistent with a review of previous literature indicating that the use of a task requiring either the storage or retrieval of information from memory is a necessary (although not sufficient) condition for obtaining an effect of objective orientation on performance.
Abstract: Subjects were initially shown unfamiliar polygons while their heads were tilted and were then tested for their ability to recognize the polygons when their heads were upright. The objective (gravitational) orientation of the polygons during acquisition affected recognition accuracy only when the polygons were acquired under intentional learning instructions. When acquisition was incidental, evidence for the retention of retinally referenced memory representations was obtained. These results were consistent with a review of previous literature indicating that the use of a task requiring either the storage or retrieval of information from memory is a necessary (although not sufficient) condition for obtaining an effect of objective orientation on performance.
36 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the magnetic circular dichroism of benzene vapor has been studied using synchrotron radiation with attention focused on the 3R, 3R", 3R', and 3R''' region.
28 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe the development and testing of a format for ratio magnitude estimation in the study of human values, which provides results which are free from the analytical const...
Abstract: This article describes the development and testing of a format for ratio magnitude estimation in the study of human values. This new format provides results which are free from the analytical const...
19 citations
TL;DR: In this article, various methods for generating stable reduced order models are shown to have a serious disadvantage, in that the reduced model may approximate the nondominant poles of the system and hence lead to erroneous approximations.
Abstract: Various methods for generating stable reduced order models are shown to have a serious disadvantage, in that the reduced model may approximate the nondominant poles of the system and hence lead to erroneous approximations. An example is given to compare these methods with the standard Pade approximation method for which this disadvantage does not exist.
17 citations
TL;DR: During a study of the Neotropical Convolvulaceae several novelties were found in Amazonia, including a new conbination, two new species, and two South American taxa previously unknown inAmazonia.
Abstract: During a study of the Neotropical Convolvulaceae several novelties were found in Amazonia. Among these records is a new conbination (Ipomoea leprieurii D. Austin), two new species (Ipomoea carajasensis D. Austin and I. cavalcantei D Austin), and two South American taxa previously unknown in Amazonia (Operculina sericantha (Miguel) v. Ooststroom and Merremia wurdackii Austin & Staples).
16 citations
TL;DR: In this article, third and fourth-grade boys and girls were directly instructed to share half their winnings from a bowling game under one of three types of verbal appeals: a power assertive appeal emphasizing punitive consequences for noncompliance, an inductive appeals emphasizing the child's potential contribution to the well being of another person, or a neutral appeal.
15 citations
14 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of tilt on the performance characteristics of a bearing is investigated and a semianalytical solution of the pressure equation is used to find the characteristic values of the bearing are found to be strong functions of the tilt parameter and the bearing number.
01 Sep 1981
TL;DR: In this article, a number of recently proposed methods for reducing the order of multivariable systems are investigated and it is shown that they may lead to reduced order models that are in fact of higher order than the original system.
Abstract: A number of recently proposed methods for reducing the order of multivariable systems are investigated and it is shown that they may lead to reduced order models that are in fact of higher order than the original system.
TL;DR: Forensic anthropology is a new discipline with a long history of development and accomplishment as discussed by the authors, which traces its origin to the 19th century and includes many of the diverse areas of anthropology.
Abstract: Forensic anthropology is a new discipline with a long history of development and accomplishment. It traces its origin to the 19th century and includes many of the diverse areas of anthropology. However, its present growth is usually attributed to the effort of Ellis R. Kerley, of the University of Maryland. Kerley has been responsible for establishing the field as an intregral part of the forensic sciences. He also established it as a section of physical anthropology within the American Academy of Forensic Sciences. Since its inception in 1971, membership in the Academy has increased from 14 to about 50 people.
TL;DR: For example, the authors suggests that failures to replicate several of the "basic"findings of social psychology may be the result of mistaken assumptions in the experimental study of social interaction.
Abstract: Recent failures to replicate several of the "basic"findings of social psychology may be the result of mistaken assumptions in the experimental study of social interaction. The reliabilities of most standardized experimental procedures are unknown, and the cultural processes that define specific laboratory manipulations vary among different subject populations. Given these limitations, it may not be appropriate to view replication failures as negative findings.
TL;DR: The experiments provided evidence that there was minimal retention of the graphemic representations from which the phonemic representations of words are generated and, further, that the locus of this effect is probably postlexical.
Abstract: The three experiments reported in this study were each conducted in two phases. The first phase of Experiment 1 involved a same-different comparison task requiring “same” responses for both mixed-case (e.g., MAIN main) and pure-case (e.g., near near) pairs. This was followed by Phase 2, a surprise recognition test in which a graphemic effect on word retention was indicated by the superior recognition accuracy obtained for pure-case compared with mixed-case pairs. The first phases of Experiments 2 and 3 involved pronounceability and imageability judgment tasks, respectively. Graphemic retention was assessed by contrasting recognition accuracy for letter strings presented, during Phase 2, in their original Phase 1 case, with letter strings presented, during Phase 2, in. a graphemically dissimilar new case. The experiments provided evidence that there was minimal retention of the graphemic representations from which the phonemic representations of words are generated and, further, that the locus of this effect is probably postlexical. Nonwords were recognized more accurately than words in all three experiments. The latter result was attributed to differences between nonwords and words in both graphemic retention and semantic distinctiveness.
TL;DR: In this paper, a general method is suggested which proposes to make comparative analyses of factors possible without the assumption of equal variances across populations, which is an assumption that is probably only rarely found in comparative research.
TL;DR: In this paper, cultural assimilation versus cultural pluralism is discussed. But the authors do not discuss the role of cultural diversity in these debates. The Educational Forum: Vol. 45, No. 3, pp. 323-332.
Abstract: (1981). Cultural Assimilation versus Cultural Pluralism. The Educational Forum: Vol. 45, No. 3, pp. 323-332.
TL;DR: In this paper, a hydrostatic gas thrust bearing is analyzed to determine the effect of tilting on its performance characteristics, and it is shown that the load, friction, and lubricant mass flow rate are strong functions of the bearing number, restrictor coefficient, supply pressure, and tilt parameter.
TL;DR: In this paper, two West Indian names inOperculina are briefly discussed and compared with the Old WorldO. turpethum (L.) S. Manso and O. triquetra (Vahl) H. Hallier.
Abstract: Two West Indian names inOperculina are briefly discussed and compared with the Old WorldO. turpethum (L.) S. Manso. The conclusions are made thatO. triquetra (Vahl) H. Hallier is a taxonomic synonym ofO. turpethum and thatO. ventricosa (Bertero) Peter may best be considered a variety ofO. turpethum. Typification ofOperculina is discussed, and it is found that, although S. Manso had a mixed concept ofO. turpethum, this species must be the type of the genus.
01 Jan 1981
TL;DR: The findings of an investigation on fatigue of modified taper cantilever beam, ABS DH32 steel specimens, measuring 24.4 X 152 mm (1 by 6 in.) in the cross section of the weld, using a reverse bend constant deflection technique are reported in this paper.
Abstract: The findings of an investigation on fatigue of modified taper cantilever beam, ABS DH32 steel specimens, measuring 24.4 X 152 mm (1 by 6 in.) in the cross section of the weld, using a reverse bend constant deflection technique are reported. All variables were selected so as to approximate as closely as possible the conditions which exist at welded joints of offshore structures but allowing up to 108 cycles to be developed in one year. Information regarding development and progression of fatigue cracks was provided by in situ visual examination and by strain gage measurements. Cycles-to-initiation and cycles-to-failure data are discussed with regard to influence upon the fatigue process of numerous factors, including stress range, cyclic frequency, seawater, corrosion state, temperature, and weld defects. Projections are made regarding appropriateness of design procedures and criteria for mitigation of fatigue of offshore structures. 35 references.
TL;DR: In a same-different comparison task, orientation affected “same” reaction times for left but not right visual-field presentations provided evidence that the “orientation effect” was due to spatial coding of memory representations in the right hemisphere and that left hemisphere processing involves attention to orientationally invariant features.
TL;DR: A modified IQ estimate was devised to eliminate the influence of clothing style on intelligence quotients in Peruvian children's drawings from two Peruvian samples by the Goodenough-Harris Drawing Test as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Summary Children's drawings from two Peruvian samples were scored by the Goodenough-Harris Drawing Test. A modified IQ estimate was devised to eliminate the influence of clothing style on intelligence quotients. Variations in clothing style, however, did not account entirely for observed group differences. Differential exposure to formal academic education seemed to provide a more appropriate explanation for the differences in mean performances.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the rate of price inflation in twenty-two U.S. metropolitan areas over the 1961-1978 time period and evaluated a Phillips-Lipsey model containing specifications for unemployment, expected inflation, and imported inflation.
Abstract: This paper examines the rate of price inflation in twenty-two U.S. metropolitan areas over the 1961–1978 time period. A Phillips-Lipsey model containing specifications for unemployment, expected inflation, and imported inflation is evaluated for each region. The data are examined cross-sectionally as well as serially and little evidence is found to contradict the hypothesis that the rate of price inflation observed in U.S. metropolitan areas is the national rate. Local unemployment and expectations are generally insignificant explanators. A statistical problem associated with the use of the lagged dependent variable in a cross section regression is also discussed.
TL;DR: In this paper, active magnitude compensation methods for the finite bandwidth of operational amplifiers when employed in the differential voltage controlled voltage source structures are given, and the results are summarized in a table.
Abstract: Active magnitude compensation methods for the finite bandwidth of operational amplifiers when employed in the differential voltage controlled voltage source structures are given. The results are summarized in a table.
TL;DR: This paper reviewed the housing cost and price impacts of this regulatory process as it has evolved in Florida and found that both the cost and the price of new housing subject to this review are increased above that of housing exempted.
Abstract: The regulation of development by regional agencies was proposed in the American Law Institute's Model Land Development Code. The objective of this additional regulation was to bring new development into accord with the growing concern with environmental degradation. The State of Florida was the first state to adopt its own version of the Code. This article reviews the housing cost and price impacts of this regulatory process as it has evolved in Florida. The empirical evidence suggests that both the cost and the price of new housing subject to this review are increased above that of housing exempted. Copyright American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association.
TL;DR: Factorization theorems and Chu-Vandermonde and Euler identities are proved and words form a unique factorization (hence cancellative) semigroup that is used in conjunction with Netto-MacMahon type generating functions to give a purely combinatorial treatment of the Gaussian polynomials.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors develop a conceptualization of bribery activity in organizational relationships at the international level and propose that international exchange environments are dimensioned by environmental constraints formed by cultural expectations and management capability to resolve incongruent exchange demands on the international marketing organization.
Abstract: This article develops a conceptualization of bribery activity in organizational relationships at the international level. Utilizing a coalitional viewpoint of organizational interaction across markets, this paper proposes that international exchange environments are dimensioned by two critical factors: environmental constraints formed by cultural expectations and management capability to resolve incongruent exchange demands on the international marketing organization. These factors are proposed as determinants of a model of bribery behavior comprising four international exchange environments. Bribery activity in each environment is examined as a form of “side payment substitution” for unresolvable demands, representing a rational response to conflicting payment requirements and expectations.